Release v1.18.5

Backported PRs:
* https://github.com/elixir-lang/elixir/pull/14604
* https://github.com/elixir-lang/elixir/pull/14627

The commits are based on the SBoM PR (#14241) which changed the
actions.

.github/workflows/ci-markdown.yml

@@ -3,12 +3,12 @@ name: CI for Markdown content
 on:
   push:
     branches:
-      - 'main'
+      - "main"
     paths:
-      - 'lib/**/*.md'
+      - "lib/**/*.md"
   pull_request:
     paths:
-      - 'lib/**/*.md'
+      - "lib/**/*.md"
   workflow_dispatch:
 
 jobs:
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
 
-    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
 
     steps:
       - name: Check out the repository

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ jobs:
     name: Windows Server 2019, Erlang/OTP ${{ matrix.otp_version }}
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        otp_version: ["25.3", "26.2", "27.1"]
+        otp_version: ["25.3", "26.2", "27.3"]
     runs-on: windows-2022
     steps:
       - name: Configure Git

.github/workflows/notify.yml

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ permissions:
 
 jobs:
   notify:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     name: Notify
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
@@ -18,8 +18,8 @@ jobs:
           fetch-depth: 50
       - uses: erlef/setup-beam@v1
         with:
-          otp-version: '25.0'
-          elixir-version: '1.14.0'
+          otp-version: "27.3"
+          elixir-version: "1.18.3"
       - name: Run Elixir script
         env:
           ELIXIR_FORUM_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.ELIXIR_FORUM_TOKEN }}

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -55,7 +55,6 @@ jobs:
           git push origin $ref_name --force
 
   build:
-    needs: create_draft_release
     strategy:
       fail-fast: true
       matrix:
@@ -80,26 +79,6 @@ jobs:
           otp: ${{ matrix.otp }}
           build_docs: ${{ matrix.build_docs }}
 
-      - name: "Attest release .exe provenance"
-        uses: actions/attest-build-provenance@v2
-        id: attest-exe-provenance
-        with:
-          subject-path: "elixir-otp-${{ matrix.otp }}.exe"
-      - name: "Copy release .exe provenance"
-        run: cp "$ATTESTATION" elixir-otp-${{ matrix.otp }}.exe.sigstore
-        env:
-          ATTESTATION: "${{ steps.attest-exe-provenance.outputs.bundle-path }}"
-
-      - name: "Attest release .zip provenance"
-        uses: actions/attest-build-provenance@v2
-        id: attest-zip-provenance
-        with:
-          subject-path: "elixir-otp-${{ matrix.otp }}.zip"
-      - name: "Copy release .zip provenance"
-        run: cp "$ATTESTATION" elixir-otp-${{ matrix.otp }}.zip.sigstore
-        env:
-          ATTESTATION: "${{ steps.attest-zip-provenance.outputs.bundle-path }}"
-
       - name: "Attest docs provenance"
         uses: actions/attest-build-provenance@v2
         id: attest-docs-provenance
@@ -112,11 +91,23 @@ jobs:
         env:
           ATTESTATION: "${{ steps.attest-docs-provenance.outputs.bundle-path }}"
 
-      - name: "Upload release artifacts"
+      - name: Create Docs Hashes
+        if: ${{ matrix.build_docs }}
+        run: |
+          shasum -a 1   Docs.zip > Docs.zip.sha1sum
+          shasum -a 256 Docs.zip > Docs.zip.sha256sum
+
+      - name: "Upload linux release artifacts"
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         with:
-          name: elixir-otp-${{ matrix.otp }}
-          path: elixir-otp-${{ matrix.otp }}*
+          name: build-linux-elixir-otp-${{ matrix.otp }}
+          path: elixir-otp-${{ matrix.otp }}.zip
+
+      - name: "Upload windows release artifacts"
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: build-windows-elixir-otp-${{ matrix.otp }}
+          path: elixir-otp-${{ matrix.otp }}.exe
 
       - name: "Upload doc artifacts"
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
@@ -125,34 +116,94 @@ jobs:
           name: Docs
           path: Docs.zip*
 
-  upload-release:
-    needs: build
-    runs-on: windows-2022
+  sign:
+    needs: [build]
+    environment: release
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: true
+      matrix:
+        otp: [25, 26, 27]
+        flavor: [windows, linux]
+
+    env:
+      RELEASE_FILE: elixir-otp-${{ matrix.otp }}.${{ matrix.flavor == 'linux' && 'zip' || 'exe' }}
+
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.flavor == 'linux' && 'ubuntu-22.04' || 'windows-2022' }}
+
+    permissions:
+      contents: write
+      id-token: write
+      attestations: write
 
     steps:
       - uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
-
-      - run: |
-          mv elixir-otp-*/* .
-          mv Docs/* .
-        shell: bash
-
-      - name: "Sign files with Trusted Signing"
-        if: github.repository == 'elixir-lang/elixir'
-        uses: azure/trusted-signing-action@v0.5.0
         with:
-          azure-tenant-id: ${{ secrets.AZURE_TENANT_ID }}
-          azure-client-id: ${{ secrets.AZURE_CLIENT_ID }}
-          azure-client-secret: ${{ secrets.AZURE_CLIENT_SECRET }}
+          name: build-${{ matrix.flavor }}-elixir-otp-${{ matrix.otp }}
+
+      - name: Log in to Azure
+        if: ${{ matrix.flavor == 'windows' && vars.AZURE_TRUSTED_SIGNING_ACCOUNT_NAME }}
+        uses: azure/login@a457da9ea143d694b1b9c7c869ebb04ebe844ef5 # v2.3.0
+        with:
+          client-id: ${{ secrets.AZURE_CLIENT_ID }}
+          tenant-id: ${{ secrets.AZURE_TENANT_ID }}
+          subscription-id: ${{ secrets.AZURE_SUBSCRIPTION_ID }}
+      - name: "Sign files with Trusted Signing"
+        uses: azure/trusted-signing-action@0d74250c661747df006298d0fb49944c10f16e03 # v0.5.1
+        if: ${{ matrix.flavor == 'windows' && vars.AZURE_TRUSTED_SIGNING_ACCOUNT_NAME }}
+        with:
           endpoint: https://eus.codesigning.azure.net/
-          trusted-signing-account-name: trusted-signing-elixir
-          certificate-profile-name: Elixir
+          trusted-signing-account-name: ${{ vars.AZURE_TRUSTED_SIGNING_ACCOUNT_NAME }}
+          certificate-profile-name: ${{ vars.AZURE_CERTIFICATE_PROFILE_NAME }}
           files-folder: ${{ github.workspace }}
           files-folder-filter: exe
           file-digest: SHA256
           timestamp-rfc3161: http://timestamp.acs.microsoft.com
           timestamp-digest: SHA256
 
+      - name: "Attest release provenance"
+        uses: actions/attest-build-provenance@v2
+        id: attest-provenance
+        with:
+          subject-path: ${{ env.RELEASE_FILE }}
+      - name: "Copy release .zip provenance"
+        shell: bash
+        run: cp "$ATTESTATION" "${RELEASE_FILE}.sigstore"
+        env:
+          ATTESTATION: "${{ steps.attest-provenance.outputs.bundle-path }}"
+
+      - name: Create Release Hashes
+        if: matrix.flavor == 'windows'
+        shell: pwsh
+        run: |
+          $sha1 = Get-FileHash "$env:RELEASE_FILE" -Algorithm SHA1
+          $sha1.Hash.ToLower() + "  " + $env:RELEASE_FILE | Out-File "$env:RELEASE_FILE.sha1sum"
+
+          $sha256 = Get-FileHash "$env:RELEASE_FILE" -Algorithm SHA256
+          $sha256.Hash.ToLower() + "  " + $env:RELEASE_FILE | Out-File "$env:RELEASE_FILE.sha256sum"
+
+      - name: Create Release Hashes
+        if: matrix.flavor == 'linux'
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          shasum -a 1   "$RELEASE_FILE" > "${RELEASE_FILE}.sha1sum"
+          shasum -a 256 "$RELEASE_FILE" > "${RELEASE_FILE}.sha256sum"
+
+      - name: "Upload linux release artifacts"
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: sign-${{ matrix.flavor }}-elixir-otp-${{ matrix.otp }}
+          path: ${{ env.RELEASE_FILE }}*
+
+  upload-release:
+    needs: [create_draft_release, build, sign]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          pattern: "{sign-*-elixir-otp-*,Docs}"
+          merge-multiple: true
+
       - name: Upload Pre-built
         shell: bash
         env:
@@ -179,20 +230,27 @@ jobs:
             Docs.zip.sigstore
 
   upload-builds-hex-pm:
-    needs: build
+    needs: [build, sign]
     runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
     concurrency: builds-hex-pm
+    environment: release
     env:
       AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID: ${{ secrets.HEX_AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID }}
       AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY: ${{ secrets.HEX_AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY }}
-      AWS_REGION: ${{ secrets.HEX_AWS_REGION }}
-      AWS_S3_BUCKET: ${{ secrets.HEX_AWS_S3_BUCKET }}
-      FASTLY_REPO_SERVICE_ID: ${{ secrets.HEX_FASTLY_REPO_SERVICE_ID }}
-      FASTLY_BUILDS_SERVICE_ID: ${{ secrets.HEX_FASTLY_BUILDS_SERVICE_ID }}
-      FASTLY_KEY: ${{ secrets.HEX_FASTLY_KEY }}
+      AWS_REGION: ${{ vars.HEX_AWS_REGION }}
+      AWS_S3_BUCKET: ${{ vars.HEX_AWS_S3_BUCKET }}
       OTP_GENERIC_VERSION: "25"
     steps:
+      - name: "Check if variables are set up"
+        if: "${{ ! vars.HEX_AWS_REGION }}"
+        run: |
+          echo "Required variables for uploading to hex.pm are not set up, skipping..."
+          exit 1
+
       - uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          pattern: "{sign-*-elixir-otp-*,Docs}"
+          merge-multiple: true
 
       - name: Init purge keys file
         run: |
@@ -202,7 +260,6 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           ref_name=${{ github.ref_name }}
 
-          mv elixir-otp-*/* .
           for zip in $(find . -type f -name 'elixir-otp-*.zip' | sed 's/^\.\///'); do
             dest=${zip/elixir/${ref_name}}
             surrogate_key=${dest/.zip$/}
@@ -221,7 +278,6 @@ jobs:
           done
 
       - name: Upload Docs to S3
-        working-directory: Docs
         run: |
           version=$(echo ${{ github.ref_name }} | sed -e 's/^v//g')
 
@@ -295,3 +351,7 @@ jobs:
           for key in $(cat purge_keys.txt); do
             purge "${key}"
           done
+        env:
+          FASTLY_REPO_SERVICE_ID: ${{ secrets.HEX_FASTLY_REPO_SERVICE_ID }}
+          FASTLY_BUILDS_SERVICE_ID: ${{ secrets.HEX_FASTLY_BUILDS_SERVICE_ID }}
+          FASTLY_KEY: ${{ secrets.HEX_FASTLY_KEY }}

.github/workflows/release_pre_built/action.yml

@@ -19,8 +19,6 @@ runs:
       run: |
         make Precompiled.zip
         mv Precompiled.zip elixir-otp-${{ inputs.otp }}.zip
-        shasum -a 1 elixir-otp-${{ inputs.otp }}.zip > elixir-otp-${{ inputs.otp }}.zip.sha1sum
-        shasum -a 256 elixir-otp-${{ inputs.otp }}.zip > elixir-otp-${{ inputs.otp }}.zip.sha256sum
         echo "$PWD/bin" >> $GITHUB_PATH
     - name: Install NSIS
       shell: bash
@@ -34,8 +32,6 @@ runs:
         export ELIXIR_ZIP=$PWD/elixir-otp-${{ inputs.otp }}.zip
         (cd lib/elixir/scripts/windows_installer && ./build.sh)
         mv lib/elixir/scripts/windows_installer/tmp/elixir-otp-${{ inputs.otp }}.exe .
-        shasum -a 1   elixir-otp-${{ inputs.otp }}.exe > elixir-otp-${{ inputs.otp }}.exe.sha1sum
-        shasum -a 256 elixir-otp-${{ inputs.otp }}.exe > elixir-otp-${{ inputs.otp }}.exe.sha256sum
     - name: Get ExDoc ref
       if: ${{ inputs.build_docs }}
       shell: bash
@@ -66,5 +62,3 @@ runs:
       run: |
         git fetch --tags
         make Docs.zip
-        shasum -a 1 Docs.zip > Docs.zip.sha1sum
-        shasum -a 256 Docs.zip > Docs.zip.sha256sum

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -162,17 +162,15 @@ Both encoder and decoder fully conform to [RFC 8259](https://tools.ietf.org/html
 
 Encoding can be done via `JSON.encode!/1` and `JSON.encode_to_iodata!/1` functions. The default encoding rules are applied as follows:
 
-| **Elixir**             | **JSON** |
-|------------------------|----------|
-| `integer() \| float()` | Number   |
-| `true \| false `       | Boolean  |
-| `nil`                  | Null     |
-| `binary()`             | String   |
-| `atom()`               | String   |
-| `list()`               | Array    |
-| `%{binary() => _}`     | Object   |
-| `%{atom() => _}`       | Object   |
-| `%{integer() => _}`    | Object   |
+| **Elixir**                  | **JSON** |
+|-----------------------------|----------|
+| `integer() \| float()`      | Number   |
+| `true \| false `            | Boolean  |
+| `nil`                       | Null     |
+| `binary()`                  | String   |
+| `atom()`                    | String   |
+| `list()`                    | Array    |
+| `%{String.Chars.t() => _}`  | Object   |
 
 You may also implement the `JSON.Encoder` protocol for custom data structures. Elixir already implements the protocol for all Calendar types.
 
@@ -225,6 +223,154 @@ You may also prefer to write using guards:
 
     def foo(x, y, z) when x == y and y == z
 
+## v1.18.5 (2026-08-28)
+
+### 1. Security
+
+  * [List] Avoid recursion when invalid charlists are given to `List.to_string/1` or `List.to_charlist/1` (CVE-2026-75758, GHSA-jf5q-v438-665c)
+
+## v1.18.4 (2025-05-21)
+
+This release includes initial support for Erlang/OTP 28, for those who want to try it out. In such cases, you may use Elixir v1.18.4 precompiled for Erlang/OTP 27, as it is binary compatible with Erlang/OTP 28. Note, however, that Erlang/OTP 28 no longer allows regexes to be defined in the module body and interpolated into an attribute. If you do this:
+
+```elixir
+@some_attribute ~r/foo/
+def some_fun, do: @some_attribute
+```
+
+You must rewrite it to:
+
+```elixir
+def some_fun, do: ~r/foo/
+```
+
+### 1. Enhancements
+
+#### IEx
+
+  * [IEx.Helpers] Add `IEx.Helpers.process_info/1` which prints process information
+
+#### Mix
+
+  * [mix compile] Support the `--no-listeners` option
+  * [mix local] Retry HTTP requests with disabled middlebox comp mode depending on the failure reason
+  * [mix local.hex] Install Hex per OTP release
+  * [mix local.rebar] Install Hex per OTP release
+  * [mix run] Support the `--no-listeners` option
+
+### 2. Bug fixes
+
+#### Elixir
+
+  * [Kernel] Emit trace events for `@on_definition` callbacks
+  * [Kernel] Emit trace events for `@on_load` callbacks
+  * [Kernel] Emit trace events for `super` calls
+  * [Kernel] Emit trace events for imported function calls
+  * [Kernel] Optimize map unions to avoid building long lists
+  * [Kernel] Do not crash when type checking nested bitstrings in patterns
+  * [Kernel] Do not crash when non-binary bitstring is given as struct default value
+  * [Kernel] Recompile regexes when escaped from module attributes for Erlang/OTP 28 compatibility
+  * [Kernel] Preserve backwards compatibility in `elixir_erl`
+
+#### Mix
+
+  * [mix deps.get] Ensure git checkout works when there are untracked files in the dependency
+  * [mix loadpaths] Do not run listeners when not checking the deps
+
+## v1.18.3 (2025-03-06)
+
+### 1. Enhancements
+
+#### Elixir
+
+  * [JSON] Encode any JSON key to string
+  * [Kernel] Allow `<<_::3*8>>` in typespecs
+
+#### Mix
+
+  * [mix loadpaths] Support `--no-listeners` option
+
+### 2. Bug fixes
+
+#### Elixir
+
+  * [CLI] Fix `--no-color` not setting `:ansi_enabled` to false
+  * [Protocol] Return correct implementation for an invalid struct pointing to `nil`
+  * [Stream] Do not raise when `Stream.cycle/1` is explicitly halted
+
+#### ExUnit
+
+  * [ExUnit.Diff] Fix regression when diffing nested improper lists
+
+#### IEx
+
+  * [IEx.Autocomplete] Fix autocomplete crash when expanding struct with `__MODULE__`
+  * [IEx.Helpers] Do not purge on `recompile` if IEx is not running
+
+## v1.18.2 (2025-01-22)
+
+### 1. Enhancements
+
+#### Elixir
+
+  * [CLI] Add `--color`/`--no-color` for enabling and disabling of ANSI colors
+  * [Code.Fragment] Provide more AST context when invoking `container_cursor_to_quoted` with trailing fragments
+  * [Regex] Ensure compatibility with Erlang/OTP 28+ new Regex engine
+
+#### Mix
+
+  * [mix] Print compilation lock waiting message to stderr
+  * [mix] Add an environment variable to optionally disable compilation locking
+
+### 2. Bug fixes
+
+#### Elixir
+
+  * [CLI] Temporarily remove PowerShell scripts for `elixir`, `elixirc`, and `mix` on Windows, as they leave the shell broken after quitting Erlang
+
+#### ExUnit
+
+  * [ExUnit] Fix crash when diffing bitstring specifiers
+
+#### IEx
+
+  * [IEx.Autocomplete] Fix crashing when autocompleting structs with runtime values
+
+#### Mix
+
+  * [mix] Track compilation locks per user to avoid permission errors
+  * [mix deps.update] Ensure Git dependencies can be upgraded by doing so against the origin
+
+## v1.18.1 (2024-12-24)
+
+### 1. Enhancements
+
+  * [Kernel] Do not emit type violation warnings when comparing or matching against literals
+  * [Kernel] Do not validate clauses of private overridable functions
+
+### 2. Bug fixes
+
+#### Elixir
+
+  * [Code.Fragment] Ensure `Code.Fragment.container_cursor_to_quoted/2` with `:trailing_fragment` parses expressions that were supported in previous versions
+  * [Kernel] Do not crash when typing violation is detected on dynamic dispatch
+  * [Kernel] Properly annotate the source for warnings emitted by the compiler with the `@file` annotation
+  * [Kernel] Properly annotate the source for warnings emitted by the type system with the `@file` annotation
+  * [Kernel] Remove `:no_parens` metadata when using capture with arity on all cases
+  * [Kernel] Ensure diagnostic traces are kept backwards compatible
+
+#### ExUnit
+
+  * [ExUnit.Case] Ensure async groups do not run concurrenly while the test suite is still loading
+  * [ExUnit.Case] Ensure `--repeat-until-failure` can be combined with groups
+
+#### Mix
+
+  * [mix compile.elixir] Store compilation results if compilation fails due to `--warnings-as-errors`
+  * [mix deps.loadpaths] Add build lock
+  * [mix escript.build] Ensure build succeeds when protocol consolidation is disabled
+  * [Mix.Shell] Ensure encoding is properly respected on Windows and Unix systems
+
 ## v1.18.0 (2024-12-19)
 
 ### 1. Enhancements
@@ -348,6 +494,12 @@ You may also prefer to write using guards:
   * [mix test] `:warnings_as_errors` configuration in `:test_elixirc_options` is deprecated. Instead pass the `--warnings-as-errors` flag to `mix test`. Alternatively, you might alias the task: `aliases: [test: "test --warnings-as-errors"]`
   * [Mix.Tasks.Compile] Deprecate `compilers/0` in favor of `Mix.Task.Compiler.compilers/0`
 
+### 5. Potential breaking changes
+
+#### Elixir
+
+  * [Kernel] Using unquote is deprecated when quote is used inside a pattern or guard
+
 ## v1.17
 
 The CHANGELOG for v1.17 releases can be found [in the v1.17 branch](https://github.com/elixir-lang/elixir/blob/v1.17/CHANGELOG.md).

Makefile

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ PREFIX ?= /usr/local
 TEST_FILES ?= "*_test.exs"
 SHARE_PREFIX ?= $(PREFIX)/share
 MAN_PREFIX ?= $(SHARE_PREFIX)/man
-CANONICAL := v1.18/
+# CANONICAL := main/
 ELIXIRC := bin/elixirc --ignore-module-conflict $(ELIXIRC_OPTS)
 ERLC := erlc -I lib/elixir/include
 ERL_MAKE := erl -make

RELEASE.md

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 ## Shipping a new version
 
-1. Update version in /VERSION, bin/elixir, bin/elixir.bat, and bin/elixir.ps1
+1. Update version in /VERSION, bin/elixir, and bin/elixir.bat
 
 2. Ensure /CHANGELOG.md is updated, versioned and add the current date
 
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
 
 ### Back in main
 
-1. Bump /VERSION file, bin/elixir and bin/elixir.bat
+1. Bump /VERSION file, bin/elixir, bin/elixir.bat, and bin/elixir.ps1
 
 2. Start new /CHANGELOG.md
 

VERSION

@@ -1 +1 @@
-1.18.0
+1.18.5

bin/elixir

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 set -e
 
-ELIXIR_VERSION=1.18.0
+ELIXIR_VERSION=1.18.5
 
 if [ $# -eq 0 ] || { [ $# -eq 1 ] && { [ "$1" = "--help" ] || [ "$1" = "-h" ]; }; }; then
   cat <<USAGE >&2
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ Usage: $(basename "$0") [options] [.exs file] [data]
   -pz "PATH"                   Appends the given path to Erlang code path (*)
   -v, --version                Prints Erlang/OTP and Elixir versions (standalone)
 
+  --color, --no-color          Enables or disables ANSI coloring
   --erl "SWITCHES"             Switches to be passed down to Erlang (*)
   --eval "COMMAND"             Evaluates the given command, same as -e (*)
   --logger-otp-reports BOOL    Enables or disables OTP reporting
@@ -111,7 +112,7 @@ while [ $I -le $LENGTH ]; do
         C=1
         MODE="iex"
         ;;
-    -v|--no-halt)
+    -v|--no-halt|--color|--no-color)
         C=1
         ;;
     -e|-r|-pr|-pa|-pz|--eval|--remsh|--dot-iex|--dbg)

bin/elixir.bat

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 @echo off
 
-set ELIXIR_VERSION=1.18.0
+set ELIXIR_VERSION=1.18.5
 
 if    ""%1""==""""                if ""%2""=="""" goto documentation
 if /I ""%1""==""--help""          if ""%2""=="""" goto documentation
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ echo   -pa "PATH"                   Prepends the given path to Erlang code path
 echo   -pz "PATH"                   Appends the given path to Erlang code path (*)
 echo   -v, --version                Prints Erlang/OTP and Elixir versions (standalone)
 echo.
+echo   --color, --no-color          Enables or disables ANSI coloring
 echo   --erl "SWITCHES"             Switches to be passed down to Erlang (*)
 echo   --eval "COMMAND"             Evaluates the given command, same as -e (*)
 echo   --logger-otp-reports BOOL    Enables or disables OTP reporting
@@ -107,6 +108,8 @@ if ""==!par:-pz=!         (shift && goto startloop)
 if ""==!par:-v=!          (goto startloop)
 if ""==!par:--version=!   (goto startloop)
 if ""==!par:--no-halt=!   (goto startloop)
+if ""==!par:--color=!     (goto startloop)
+if ""==!par:--no-color=!  (goto startloop)
 if ""==!par:--remsh=!     (shift && goto startloop)
 if ""==!par:--dot-iex=!   (shift && goto startloop)
 if ""==!par:--dbg=!       (shift && goto startloop)
@@ -133,9 +136,9 @@ if not defined useIEx (
 set beforeExtra=-noshell -elixir_root "%SCRIPT_PATH%..\lib" -pa "%SCRIPT_PATH%..\lib\elixir\ebin" %beforeExtra%
 
 if defined ELIXIR_CLI_DRY_RUN (
-  echo "%ERTS_BIN%erl.exe" %ext_libs% %ELIXIR_ERL_OPTIONS% %parsErlang% %beforeExtra% -extra %*
+  echo "%ERTS_BIN%erl.exe" %ELIXIR_ERL_OPTIONS% %parsErlang% %beforeExtra% -extra %*
 ) else (
-  "%ERTS_BIN%erl.exe" %ext_libs% %ELIXIR_ERL_OPTIONS% %parsErlang% %beforeExtra% -extra %*
+  "%ERTS_BIN%erl.exe" %ELIXIR_ERL_OPTIONS% %parsErlang% %beforeExtra% -extra %*
 )
 exit /B %ERRORLEVEL%
 :end

bin/elixir.ps1

@@ -1,304 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env pwsh
-
-$ELIXIR_VERSION = "1.18.0"
-
-$scriptPath = Split-Path -Parent $PSCommandPath
-$erlExec = "erl"
-
-# The iex.ps1, elixirc.ps1 and mix.ps1 scripts may populate this var.
-if ($null -eq $allArgs) {
-  $allArgs = $args
-}
-
-function PrintElixirHelp {
-  $scriptName = Split-Path -Leaf $PSCommandPath
-  $help = @"
-Usage: $scriptName [options] [.exs file] [data]
-
-## General options
-
-  -e "COMMAND"                 Evaluates the given command (*)
-  -h, --help                   Prints this message (standalone)
-  -r "FILE"                    Requires the given files/patterns (*)
-  -S SCRIPT                    Finds and executes the given script in `$PATH
-  -pr "FILE"                   Requires the given files/patterns in parallel (*)
-  -pa "PATH"                   Prepends the given path to Erlang code path (*)
-  -pz "PATH"                   Appends the given path to Erlang code path (*)
-  -v, --version                Prints Erlang/OTP and Elixir versions (standalone)
-
-  --erl "SWITCHES"             Switches to be passed down to Erlang (*)
-  --eval "COMMAND"             Evaluates the given command, same as -e (*)
-  --logger-otp-reports BOOL    Enables or disables OTP reporting
-  --logger-sasl-reports BOOL   Enables or disables SASL reporting
-  --no-halt                    Does not halt the Erlang VM after execution
-  --short-version              Prints Elixir version (standalone)
-
-Options given after the .exs file or -- are passed down to the executed code.
-Options can be passed to the Erlang runtime using `$ELIXIR_ERL_OPTIONS or --erl.
-
-## Distribution options
-
-The following options are related to node distribution.
-
-  --cookie COOKIE              Sets a cookie for this distributed node
-  --hidden                     Makes a hidden node
-  --name NAME                  Makes and assigns a name to the distributed node
-  --rpc-eval NODE "COMMAND"    Evaluates the given command on the given remote node (*)
-  --sname NAME                 Makes and assigns a short name to the distributed node
-
---name and --sname may be set to undefined so one is automatically generated.
-
-## Release options
-
-The following options are generally used under releases.
-
-  --boot "FILE"                Uses the given FILE.boot to start the system
-  --boot-var VAR "VALUE"       Makes `$VAR available as VALUE to FILE.boot (*)
-  --erl-config "FILE"          Loads configuration in FILE.config written in Erlang (*)
-  --vm-args "FILE"             Passes the contents in file as arguments to the VM
-
---pipe-to is not supported via PowerShell.
-
-** Options marked with (*) can be given more than once.
-** Standalone options can't be combined with other options.
-"@
-
-  Write-Host $help
-}
-
-if (($allArgs.Count -eq 1) -and ($allArgs[0] -eq "--short-version")) {
-  Write-Host "$ELIXIR_VERSION"
-  exit
-}
-
-if (($allArgs.Count -eq 0) -or (($allArgs.Count -eq 1) -and ($allArgs[0] -in @("-h", "--help")))) {
-  PrintElixirHelp
-  exit 1
-}
-
-function NormalizeArg {
-  param(
-    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true, ValueFromPipeline = $true)]
-    [string[]] $Items
-  )
-  $Items -join ","
-}
-
-function QuoteString {
-  param(
-    [Parameter(ValueFromPipeline = $true)]
-    [string] $Item
-  )
-
-  # We surround the string with double quotes, in order to preserve its contents as
-  # only one command arg.
-  # This is needed because PowerShell consider spaces as separator of arguments.
-  # The double quotes around will be removed when PowerShell process the argument.
-  # See: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_quoting_rules?view=powershell-7.4#passing-quoted-strings-to-external-commands
-  if ($Item.Contains(" ")) {
-    '"' + $Item + '"'
-  }
-  else {
-    $Item
-  }
-}
-
-$elixirParams = @()
-$erlangParams = @()
-$beforeExtras = @()
-$allOtherParams = @()
-
-$runErlPipe = $null
-$runErlLog = $null
-
-for ($i = 0; $i -lt $allArgs.Count; $i++) {
-  $private:arg = $allArgs[$i]
-
-  switch -exact ($arg) {
-    { $_ -in @("-e", "-r", "-pr", "-pa", "-pz", "--eval", "--remsh", "--dot-iex", "--dbg") } {
-      $private:nextArg = NormalizeArg($allArgs[++$i])
-
-      $elixirParams += $arg
-      $elixirParams += $nextArg
-
-      break
-    }
-
-    { $_ -in @("-v", "--version") } {
-      # Standalone options goes only once in the Elixir params, when they are empty.
-      if (($elixirParams.Count -eq 0) -and ($allOtherParams.Count -eq 0)) {
-        $elixirParams += $arg
-      }
-      else {
-        $allOtherParams += $arg
-      }
-      break
-    }
-
-    "--no-halt" {
-      $elixirParams += $arg
-      break
-    }
-
-    "--cookie" {
-      $erlangParams += "-setcookie"
-      $erlangParams += $allArgs[++$i]
-      break
-    }
-
-    "--hidden" {
-      $erlangParams += "-hidden"
-      break
-    }
-
-    "--name" {
-      $erlangParams += "-name"
-      $erlangParams += $allArgs[++$i]
-      break
-    }
-
-    "--sname" {
-      $erlangParams += "-sname"
-      $erlangParams += $allArgs[++$i]
-      break
-    }
-
-    "--boot" {
-      $erlangParams += "-boot"
-      $erlangParams += $allArgs[++$i]
-      break
-    }
-
-    "--erl-config" {
-      $erlangParams += "-config"
-      $erlangParams += $allArgs[++$i]
-      break
-    }
-
-    "--vm-args" {
-      $erlangParams += "-args_file"
-      $erlangParams += $allArgs[++$i]
-      break
-    }
-
-    "--logger-otp-reports" {
-      $private:tempVal = $allArgs[$i + 1]
-      if ($tempVal -in @("true", "false")) {
-        $erlangParams += @("-logger", "handle_otp_reports", $allArgs[++$i])
-      }
-      break
-    }
-
-    "--logger-sasl-reports" {
-      $private:tempVal = $allArgs[$i + 1]
-      if ($tempVal -in @("true", "false")) {
-        $erlangParams += @("-logger", "handle_sasl_reports", $allArgs[++$i])
-      }
-      break
-    }
-
-    "--erl" {
-      $private:erlFlags = $allArgs[++$i] -split " "
-      $beforeExtras += $erlFlags
-      break
-    }
-
-    "+iex" {
-      $elixirParams += "+iex"
-      $useIex = $true
-
-      break
-    }
-
-    "+elixirc" {
-      $elixirParams += "+elixirc"
-      break
-    }
-
-    "--rpc-eval" {
-      $private:key = $allArgs[++$i]
-      $private:value = $allArgs[++$i]
-
-      if ($null -eq $key) {
-        Write-Error "--rpc-eval: NODE must be present"
-        exit 1
-      }
-
-      if ($null -eq $value) {
-        Write-Error "--rpc-eval: COMMAND for the '$key' node must be present"
-        exit 1
-      }
-
-      $elixirParams += "--rpc-eval"
-      $elixirParams += $key
-      $elixirParams += $value
-      break
-    }
-
-    "--boot-var" {
-      $private:key = $allArgs[++$i]
-      $private:value = $allArgs[++$i]
-
-      if ($null -eq $key) {
-        Write-Error "--boot-var: VAR must be present"
-        exit 1
-      }
-
-      if ($null -eq $value) {
-        Write-Error "--boot-var: Value for the '$key' var must be present"
-        exit 1
-      }
-
-      $elixirParams += "-boot_var"
-      $elixirParams += $key
-      $elixirParams += $value
-      break
-    }
-
-    Default {
-      $private:normalized = NormalizeArg $arg
-      $allOtherParams += $normalized
-      break
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-if ($null -eq $useIEx) {
-  $beforeExtras = @("-s", "elixir", "start_cli") + $beforeExtras
-}
-
-$beforeExtras = @("-pa", "$(Join-Path $scriptPath -ChildPath "../lib/elixir/ebin")") + $beforeExtras
-$beforeExtras = @("-noshell", "-elixir_root", "$(Join-Path $scriptPath -ChildPath "../lib")") + $beforeExtras
-
-$allParams = @()
-
-if ($null -ne $env:ELIXIR_ERL_OPTIONS) {
-  $private:erlFlags = $env:ELIXIR_ERL_OPTIONS -split " "
-  $allParams += $erlFlags
-}
-
-$allParams += $erlangParams
-$allParams += $beforeExtras
-$allParams += "-extra"
-$allParams += $elixirParams
-$allParams += $allOtherParams
-
-$binSuffix = ""
-
-# The variable is available after PowerShell 7.2. Previous to that, PS only worked on Windows.
-if ($isWindows -or ($null -eq $isWindows)) {
-  $binSuffix = ".exe"
-}
-
-$binPath = "$erlExec$binSuffix"
-
-# We double the double-quotes because they are going to be escaped by arguments parsing.
-$paramsPart = $allParams | ForEach-Object -Process { QuoteString($_ -replace "`"", "`"`"") }
-
-if ($env:ELIXIR_CLI_DRY_RUN) {
-  Write-Host "$binPath $paramsPart"
-}
-else {
-  $output = Start-Process -FilePath $binPath -ArgumentList $paramsPart -NoNewWindow -Wait -PassThru
-  exit $output.ExitCode
-}

bin/elixirc.ps1

@@ -1,35 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env pwsh
-
-$scriptName = Split-Path -Leaf $PSCommandPath
-
-if (($args.Count -eq 0) -or ($args[0] -in @("-h", "--help"))) {
-  Write-Host @"
-Usage: $scriptName [elixir switches] [compiler switches] [.ex files]
-
-  -h, --help                Prints this message and exits
-  -o                        The directory to output compiled files
-  -v, --version             Prints Elixir version and exits (standalone)
-
-  --ignore-module-conflict  Does not emit warnings if a module was previously defined
-  --no-debug-info           Does not attach debug info to compiled modules
-  --no-docs                 Does not attach documentation to compiled modules
-  --profile time            Profile the time to compile modules
-  --verbose                 Prints compilation status
-  --warnings-as-errors      Treats warnings as errors and returns non-zero exit status
-
-** Options given after -- are passed down to the executed code
-** Options can be passed to the Erlang runtime using ELIXIR_ERL_OPTIONS
-** Options can be passed to the Erlang compiler using ERL_COMPILER_OPTIONS
-"@
-  exit
-}
-
-$scriptPath = Split-Path -Parent $PSCommandPath
-$elixirMainScript = Join-Path -Path $scriptPath -ChildPath "elixir.ps1"
-
-$prependedArgs = @("+elixirc")
-
-$allArgs = $prependedArgs + $args
-
-# The dot is going to evaluate the script with the vars defined here.
-. $elixirMainScript

bin/iex.ps1

@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env pwsh
-
-$scriptName = Split-Path -Leaf $PSCommandPath
-
-if ($args[0] -in @("-h", "--help")) {
-  Write-Host @"
-Usage: $scriptName [options] [.exs file] [data]
-
-The following options are exclusive to IEx:
-
-  --dbg pry           Sets the backend for Kernel.dbg/2 to IEx.pry/0
-  --dot-iex "FILE"    Evaluates FILE, line by line, to set up IEx' environment.
-                      Defaults to evaluating .iex.exs or ~/.iex.exs, if any exists.
-                      If FILE is empty, then no file will be loaded.
-  --remsh NAME        Connects to a node using a remote shell.
-
-It accepts all other options listed by "elixir --help".
-"@
-  exit
-}
-
-$scriptPath = Split-Path -Parent $PSCommandPath
-$elixirMainScript = Join-Path -Path $scriptPath -ChildPath "elixir.ps1"
-
-$prependedArgs = @("--no-halt", "--erl", "-user elixir", "+iex") 
-
-$allArgs = $prependedArgs + $args
-
-# The dot is going to evaluate the script with the vars defined here.
-. $elixirMainScript

bin/mix.ps1

@@ -1,13 +1,23 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env pwsh
+# Store path to mix.bat as a FileInfo object
+$mixBatPath = (Get-ChildItem (((Get-ChildItem $MyInvocation.MyCommand.Path).Directory.FullName) + '\mix.bat'))
+$newArgs = @()
 
-$scriptPath = Split-Path -Parent $PSCommandPath
-$elixirMainScript = Join-Path -Path $scriptPath -ChildPath "elixir.ps1"
+for ($i = 0; $i -lt $args.length; $i++)
+{
+  if ($args[$i] -is [array])
+  {
+    # Commas created the array so we need to reintroduce those commas
+    for ($j = 0; $j -lt $args[$i].length - 1; $j++)
+    {
+      $newArgs += ($args[$i][$j] + ',')
+    }
+    $newArgs += $args[$i][-1]
+  }
+  else
+  {
+    $newArgs += $args[$i]
+  }
+}
 
-$mixFile = Join-Path -Path $scriptPath -ChildPath "mix"
-
-$prependedArgs = @($mixFile)
-
-$allArgs = $prependedArgs + $args
-
-# The dot is going to evaluate the script with the vars defined here.
-. $elixirMainScript
+# Corrected arguments are ready to pass to batch file
+& $mixBatPath $newArgs

lib/elixir/lib/code.ex

@@ -1709,7 +1709,9 @@ defmodule Code do
   def put_compiler_option(:warnings_as_errors, _value) do
     IO.warn(
       ":warnings_as_errors is deprecated as part of Code.put_compiler_option/2, " <>
-        "pass it as option to Kernel.ParallelCompiler instead"
+        "instead you must pass it as a --warnings-as-errors flag. " <>
+        "If you need to set it as a default in a mix task, you can also set it under aliases: " <>
+        "[compile: \"compile --warnings-as-errors\"]"
     )
 
     :ok

lib/elixir/lib/code/fragment.ex

@@ -1151,7 +1151,7 @@ defmodule Code.Fragment do
         {rev_tokens, rev_terminators} =
           with [close, open, {_, _, :__cursor__} = cursor | rev_tokens] <- rev_tokens,
                {_, [_ | after_fn]} <- Enum.split_while(rev_terminators, &(elem(&1, 0) != :fn)),
-               true <- maybe_missing_stab?(rev_tokens),
+               true <- maybe_missing_stab?(rev_tokens, false),
                [_ | rev_tokens] <- Enum.drop_while(rev_tokens, &(elem(&1, 0) != :fn)) do
             {[close, open, cursor | rev_tokens], after_fn}
           else
@@ -1165,7 +1165,7 @@ defmodule Code.Fragment do
         tokens =
           with {before_start, [_ | _] = after_start} <-
                  Enum.split_while(rev_terminators, &(elem(&1, 0) not in [:do, :fn])),
-               true <- maybe_missing_stab?(rev_tokens),
+               true <- maybe_missing_stab?(rev_tokens, true),
                opts =
                  Keyword.put(opts, :check_terminators, {:cursor, before_start}),
                {:error, {meta, _, ~c"end"}, _rest, _warnings, trailing_rev_tokens} <-
@@ -1173,6 +1173,14 @@ defmodule Code.Fragment do
             trailing_tokens =
               reverse_tokens(meta[:line], meta[:column], trailing_rev_tokens, after_start)
 
+            # If the cursor has its own line, then we do not trim new lines trailing tokens.
+            # Otherwise we want to drop any newline so we drop the next tokens after eol.
+            trailing_tokens =
+              case rev_tokens do
+                [_close, _open, {_, _, :__cursor__}, {:eol, _} | _] -> trailing_tokens
+                _ -> Enum.drop_while(trailing_tokens, &match?({:eol, _}, &1))
+              end
+
             Enum.reverse(rev_tokens, drop_tokens(trailing_tokens, 0))
           else
             _ -> reverse_tokens(line, column, rev_tokens, rev_terminators)
@@ -1196,12 +1204,16 @@ defmodule Code.Fragment do
     Enum.reverse(tokens, terminators)
   end
 
+  # Otherwise we drop all tokens, trying to build a minimal AST
+  # for cursor completion.
   defp drop_tokens([{:"}", _} | _] = tokens, 0), do: tokens
   defp drop_tokens([{:"]", _} | _] = tokens, 0), do: tokens
   defp drop_tokens([{:")", _} | _] = tokens, 0), do: tokens
   defp drop_tokens([{:">>", _} | _] = tokens, 0), do: tokens
   defp drop_tokens([{:end, _} | _] = tokens, 0), do: tokens
   defp drop_tokens([{:",", _} | _] = tokens, 0), do: tokens
+  defp drop_tokens([{:";", _} | _] = tokens, 0), do: tokens
+  defp drop_tokens([{:eol, _} | _] = tokens, 0), do: tokens
   defp drop_tokens([{:stab_op, _, :->} | _] = tokens, 0), do: tokens
 
   defp drop_tokens([{:"}", _} | tokens], counter), do: drop_tokens(tokens, counter - 1)
@@ -1220,16 +1232,13 @@ defmodule Code.Fragment do
   defp drop_tokens([_ | tokens], counter), do: drop_tokens(tokens, counter)
   defp drop_tokens([], 0), do: []
 
-  defp maybe_missing_stab?([{:after, _} | _]), do: true
-  defp maybe_missing_stab?([{:do, _} | _]), do: true
-  defp maybe_missing_stab?([{:fn, _} | _]), do: true
-  defp maybe_missing_stab?([{:else, _} | _]), do: true
-  defp maybe_missing_stab?([{:catch, _} | _]), do: true
-  defp maybe_missing_stab?([{:rescue, _} | _]), do: true
-
-  defp maybe_missing_stab?([{:stab_op, _, :->} | _]), do: false
-  defp maybe_missing_stab?([{:eol, _}, next | _]) when elem(next, 0) != :",", do: false
-
-  defp maybe_missing_stab?([_ | tail]), do: maybe_missing_stab?(tail)
-  defp maybe_missing_stab?([]), do: false
+  defp maybe_missing_stab?([{:after, _} | _], _stab_choice?), do: true
+  defp maybe_missing_stab?([{:do, _} | _], _stab_choice?), do: true
+  defp maybe_missing_stab?([{:fn, _} | _], _stab_choice?), do: true
+  defp maybe_missing_stab?([{:else, _} | _], _stab_choice?), do: true
+  defp maybe_missing_stab?([{:catch, _} | _], _stab_choice?), do: true
+  defp maybe_missing_stab?([{:rescue, _} | _], _stab_choice?), do: true
+  defp maybe_missing_stab?([{:stab_op, _, :->} | _], stab_choice?), do: stab_choice?
+  defp maybe_missing_stab?([_ | tail], stab_choice?), do: maybe_missing_stab?(tail, stab_choice?)
+  defp maybe_missing_stab?([], _stab_choice?), do: false
 end

lib/elixir/lib/code/typespec.ex

@@ -283,7 +283,6 @@ defmodule Code.Typespec do
   end
 
   defp typespec_to_quoted({:type, anno, :binary, [arg1, arg2]}) do
-    [arg1, arg2] = for arg <- [arg1, arg2], do: typespec_to_quoted(arg)
     line = meta(anno)[:line]
 
     case {typespec_to_quoted(arg1), typespec_to_quoted(arg2)} do
@@ -329,10 +328,14 @@ defmodule Code.Typespec do
     {erl_to_ex_var(var), meta(anno), nil}
   end
 
-  defp typespec_to_quoted({:op, anno, op, arg}) do
+  defp typespec_to_quoted({:op, anno, op, arg}) when op in [:+, :-] do
     {op, meta(anno), [typespec_to_quoted(arg)]}
   end
 
+  defp typespec_to_quoted({:op, anno, :*, arg1, arg2}) do
+    {:*, meta(anno), [typespec_to_quoted(arg1), typespec_to_quoted(arg2)]}
+  end
+
   defp typespec_to_quoted({:remote_type, anno, [mod, name, args]}) do
     remote_type(anno, mod, name, args)
   end

lib/elixir/lib/enum.ex

@@ -3837,6 +3837,9 @@ defmodule Enum do
   @doc """
   Enumerates the `enumerable`, removing all duplicate elements.
 
+  The first occurrence of each element is kept and all following
+  duplicates are removed. The overall order is preserved.
+
   ## Examples
 
       iex> Enum.uniq([1, 2, 3, 3, 2, 1])
@@ -3862,7 +3865,8 @@ defmodule Enum do
   considered duplicates if the return value of `fun` is equal for
   both of them.
 
-  The first occurrence of each element is kept.
+  The first occurrence of each element is kept and all following
+  duplicates are removed. The overall order is preserved.
 
   ## Example
 

lib/elixir/lib/exception.ex

@@ -2530,7 +2530,7 @@ defmodule ErlangError do
           {:ok, reason, IO.iodata_to_binary([":\n\n" | Enum.map(args_errors, &arg_error/1)])}
 
         general = extra[:general] ->
-          {:ok, reason, ": " <> general}
+          {:ok, reason, ": " <> IO.chardata_to_string(general)}
 
         true ->
           :error

lib/elixir/lib/inspect.ex

@@ -343,13 +343,20 @@ defimpl Inspect, for: List do
     close = color_doc("]", :list, opts)
 
     cond do
-      lists == :as_charlists or (lists == :infer and List.ascii_printable?(term, printable_limit)) ->
-        inspected =
-          case Identifier.escape(IO.chardata_to_string(term), ?", printable_limit) do
-            {escaped, ""} -> [?~, ?c, ?", escaped, ?"]
-            {escaped, _} -> [?~, ?c, ?", escaped, ?", " ++ ..."]
+      (lists == :as_charlists and unicode_list?(term, printable_limit)) or
+          (lists == :infer and List.ascii_printable?(term, printable_limit)) ->
+        {split, tail} =
+          if is_integer(printable_limit) do
+            case Enum.split(term, printable_limit) do
+              {split, []} -> {split, []}
+              {split, _} -> {split, " ++ ..."}
+            end
+          else
+            {term, []}
           end
 
+        {escaped, _} = Identifier.escape(IO.chardata_to_string(split), ?")
+        inspected = [?~, ?c, ?", escaped, ?" | tail]
         color_doc(IO.iodata_to_binary(inspected), :charlist, opts)
 
       keyword?(term) ->
@@ -360,6 +367,19 @@ defimpl Inspect, for: List do
     end
   end
 
+  defp unicode_list?(_, 0), do: true
+
+  defp unicode_list?([char | rest], counter)
+       when char in 0..0xD7FF or char in 0xE000..0x10FFFF,
+       do: unicode_list?(rest, decrement(counter))
+
+  defp unicode_list?([], _counter), do: true
+  defp unicode_list?(_, _counter), do: false
+
+  @compile {:inline, decrement: 1}
+  defp decrement(:infinity), do: :infinity
+  defp decrement(counter), do: counter - 1
+
   @doc false
   def keyword({key, value}, opts) do
     key = color_doc(Macro.inspect_atom(:key, key), :atom, opts)

lib/elixir/lib/inspect/algebra.ex

@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@ defmodule Inspect.Opts do
       is `:decimal` and if it is printable, otherwise in bit syntax. See
       `String.printable?/1` to learn when a string is printable.
 
-    * `:charlists` - when `:as_charlists` all lists will be printed as charlists,
-      non-printable elements will be escaped.
+    * `:charlists` - when `:as_charlists` all charlists will be printed as charlists,
+      non-printable code points will be escaped. Other lists will be printed as lists.
 
       When `:as_lists` all lists will be printed as lists.
 

lib/elixir/lib/json.ex

@@ -146,8 +146,30 @@ end
 
 defimpl JSON.Encoder, for: Map do
   def encode(value, encoder) do
-    :elixir_json.encode_map(value, encoder)
+    case :maps.next(:maps.iterator(value)) do
+      :none ->
+        "{}"
+
+      {key, value, iterator} ->
+        [?{, key(key, encoder), ?:, encoder.(value, encoder) | next(iterator, encoder)]
+    end
   end
+
+  defp next(iterator, encoder) do
+    case :maps.next(iterator) do
+      :none ->
+        "}"
+
+      {key, value, iterator} ->
+        [?,, key(key, encoder), ?:, encoder.(value, encoder) | next(iterator, encoder)]
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Erlang supports only numbers, binaries, and atoms as keys,
+  # we support anything that implements the String.Chars protocol.
+  defp key(key, encoder) when is_atom(key), do: encoder.(Atom.to_string(key), encoder)
+  defp key(key, encoder) when is_binary(key), do: encoder.(key, encoder)
+  defp key(key, encoder), do: encoder.(String.Chars.to_string(key), encoder)
 end
 
 defimpl JSON.Encoder, for: [Date, Time, NaiveDateTime, DateTime, Duration] do
@@ -175,17 +197,15 @@ defmodule JSON do
 
   Elixir built-in data structures are encoded to JSON as follows:
 
-  | **Elixir**             | **JSON** |
-  |------------------------|----------|
-  | `integer() \| float()` | Number   |
-  | `true \| false `       | Boolean  |
-  | `nil`                  | Null     |
-  | `binary()`             | String   |
-  | `atom()`               | String   |
-  | `list()`               | Array    |
-  | `%{binary() => _}`     | Object   |
-  | `%{atom() => _}`       | Object   |
-  | `%{integer() => _}`    | Object   |
+  | **Elixir**                 | **JSON** |
+  |----------------------------|----------|
+  | `integer() \| float()`     | Number   |
+  | `true \| false `           | Boolean  |
+  | `nil`                      | Null     |
+  | `binary()`                 | String   |
+  | `atom()`                   | String   |
+  | `list()`                   | Array    |
+  | `%{String.Chars.t() => _}` | Object   |
 
   You may also implement the `JSON.Encoder` protocol for custom data structures.
 
@@ -403,7 +423,7 @@ defmodule JSON do
     do: :elixir_json.encode_list(value, encoder)
 
   def protocol_encode(%{} = value, encoder) when not is_map_key(value, :__struct__),
-    do: :elixir_json.encode_map(value, encoder)
+    do: JSON.Encoder.Map.encode(value, encoder)
 
   def protocol_encode(value, encoder),
     do: JSON.Encoder.encode(value, encoder)

lib/elixir/lib/kernel.ex

@@ -3716,26 +3716,25 @@ defmodule Kernel do
 
     case function? do
       true ->
-        value =
-          case Module.__get_attribute__(env.module, name, line, false) do
-            {_, doc} when doc_attr? -> doc
-            other -> other
-          end
+        case Module.__get_attribute__(env.module, name, line, false) do
+          {_, doc} when doc_attr? ->
+            do_at_escape(name, doc)
 
-        try do
-          :elixir_quote.escape(value, :none, false)
-        rescue
-          ex in [ArgumentError] ->
-            raise ArgumentError,
-                  "cannot inject attribute @#{name} into function/macro because " <>
-                    Exception.message(ex)
+          %{__struct__: Regex, source: source, opts: opts} = regex ->
+            case :erlang.system_info(:otp_release) < [?2, ?8] do
+              true -> do_at_escape(name, regex)
+              false -> quote(do: Regex.compile!(unquote(source), unquote(opts)))
+            end
+
+          value ->
+            do_at_escape(name, value)
         end
 
       false when doc_attr? ->
         quote do
           case Module.__get_attribute__(__MODULE__, unquote(name), unquote(line), false) do
             {_, doc} -> doc
-            other -> other
+            value -> value
           end
         end
 
@@ -3770,6 +3769,17 @@ defmodule Kernel do
     raise ArgumentError, "expected 0 or 1 argument for @#{name}, got: #{length(args)}"
   end
 
+  defp do_at_escape(name, value) do
+    try do
+      :elixir_quote.escape(value, :none, false)
+    rescue
+      ex in [ArgumentError] ->
+        raise ArgumentError,
+              "cannot inject attribute @#{name} into function/macro because " <>
+                Exception.message(ex)
+    end
+  end
+
   # Those are always compile-time dependencies, so we can skip the trace.
   defp collect_traces(:before_compile, arg, _env), do: {arg, []}
   defp collect_traces(:after_compile, arg, _env), do: {arg, []}
@@ -4584,6 +4594,9 @@ defmodule Kernel do
   defp in_var(true, {atom, _, context} = var, fun) when is_atom(atom) and is_atom(context),
     do: fun.(var)
 
+  defp in_var(true, var, fun) when is_atom(var) or is_binary(var) or is_number(var),
+    do: fun.(var)
+
   defp in_var(true, ast, fun) do
     quote do
       var = unquote(ast)
@@ -5460,33 +5473,21 @@ defmodule Kernel do
   use `@type`.
   """
   defmacro defstruct(fields) do
-    header =
-      quote bind_quoted: [fields: fields, bootstrapped?: bootstrapped?(Enum)] do
-        {struct, derive, escaped_struct, kv, body} =
-          Kernel.Utils.defstruct(__MODULE__, fields, bootstrapped?, __ENV__)
+    quote bind_quoted: [fields: fields, bootstrapped?: bootstrapped?(Enum)] do
+      {struct, derive, escaped_struct, kv, body} =
+        Kernel.Utils.defstruct(__MODULE__, fields, bootstrapped?, __ENV__)
 
-        case derive do
-          [] -> :ok
-          _ -> Protocol.__derive__(derive, __MODULE__, __ENV__)
-        end
+      case derive do
+        [] -> :ok
+        _ -> Protocol.__derive__(derive, __MODULE__, __ENV__)
       end
 
-    # We attach the line: 0 to struct functions because we don't want
-    # the generated callbacks to count towards code coverage and metrics,
-    # especially since they are often expanded at compile-time.
-    functions =
-      quote line: 0, unquote: false do
-        def __struct__(), do: unquote(escaped_struct)
-        def __struct__(unquote(kv)), do: unquote(body)
-      end
+      def __struct__(), do: unquote(escaped_struct)
+      def __struct__(unquote(kv)), do: unquote(body)
 
-    footer =
-      quote do
-        Kernel.Utils.announce_struct(__MODULE__)
-        struct
-      end
-
-    {:__block__, [], [header, functions, footer]}
+      Kernel.Utils.announce_struct(__MODULE__)
+      struct
+    end
   end
 
   @doc ~S"""
@@ -6446,29 +6447,38 @@ defmodule Kernel do
   """
   defmacro sigil_r(term, modifiers)
 
-  defmacro sigil_r({:<<>>, _meta, [string]}, options) when is_binary(string) do
-    binary = :elixir_interpolation.unescape_string(string, &regex_unescape_map/1)
-    regex = Regex.compile!(binary, :binary.list_to_bin(options))
-    Macro.escape(regex)
+  defmacro sigil_r({:<<>>, _meta, [binary]}, options) when is_binary(binary) do
+    binary = :elixir_interpolation.unescape_string(binary, &regex_unescape_map/1)
+    compile_regex(binary, options)
   end
 
   defmacro sigil_r({:<<>>, meta, pieces}, options) do
-    binary = {:<<>>, meta, unescape_tokens(pieces, &regex_unescape_map/1)}
-    quote(do: Regex.compile!(unquote(binary), unquote(:binary.list_to_bin(options))))
+    tuple = {:<<>>, meta, unescape_tokens(pieces, &regex_unescape_map/1)}
+    compile_regex(tuple, options)
   end
 
   defp regex_unescape_map(:newline), do: true
   defp regex_unescape_map(_), do: false
 
   @doc false
-  defmacro sigil_R({:<<>>, _meta, [string]}, options) when is_binary(string) do
+  defmacro sigil_R({:<<>>, _meta, [binary]}, options) when is_binary(binary) do
     IO.warn(
       "~R/.../ is deprecated, use ~r/.../ instead",
       Macro.Env.stacktrace(__CALLER__)
     )
 
-    regex = Regex.compile!(string, :binary.list_to_bin(options))
-    Macro.escape(regex)
+    compile_regex(binary, options)
+  end
+
+  defp compile_regex(binary_or_tuple, options) do
+    # TODO: Remove this when we require Erlang/OTP 28+
+    case is_binary(binary_or_tuple) and :erlang.system_info(:otp_release) < [?2, ?8] do
+      true ->
+        Macro.escape(Regex.compile!(binary_or_tuple, :binary.list_to_bin(options)))
+
+      false ->
+        quote(do: Regex.compile!(unquote(binary_or_tuple), unquote(:binary.list_to_bin(options))))
+    end
   end
 
   @doc ~S"""

lib/elixir/lib/kernel/cli.ex

@@ -295,6 +295,16 @@ defmodule Kernel.CLI do
     parse_argv(t, %{config | commands: [{:parallel_require, h} | config.commands]})
   end
 
+  defp parse_argv([~c"--color" | t], config) do
+    Application.put_env(:elixir, :ansi_enabled, true)
+    parse_argv(t, config)
+  end
+
+  defp parse_argv([~c"--no-color" | t], config) do
+    Application.put_env(:elixir, :ansi_enabled, false)
+    parse_argv(t, config)
+  end
+
   ## Compiler
 
   defp parse_argv([~c"-o", h | t], %{mode: :elixirc} = config) do

lib/elixir/lib/kernel/parallel_compiler.ex

@@ -257,29 +257,7 @@ defmodule Kernel.ParallelCompiler do
 
     {status, modules_or_errors, info} =
       try do
-        outcome = spawn_workers(schedulers, cache, files, output, options)
-        {outcome, Keyword.get(options, :warnings_as_errors, false)}
-      else
-        {{:ok, _, %{runtime_warnings: r_warnings, compile_warnings: c_warnings} = info}, true}
-        when r_warnings != [] or c_warnings != [] ->
-          message =
-            "Compilation failed due to warnings while using the --warnings-as-errors option"
-
-          IO.puts(:stderr, message)
-          errors = Enum.map(r_warnings ++ c_warnings, &Map.replace!(&1, :severity, :error))
-          {:error, errors, %{info | runtime_warnings: [], compile_warnings: []}}
-
-        {{:ok, outcome, info}, _} ->
-          beam_timestamp = Keyword.get(options, :beam_timestamp)
-          {:ok, write_module_binaries(outcome, output, beam_timestamp), info}
-
-        {{:error, errors, info}, true} ->
-          %{runtime_warnings: r_warnings, compile_warnings: c_warnings} = info
-          info = %{info | runtime_warnings: [], compile_warnings: []}
-          {:error, c_warnings ++ r_warnings ++ errors, info}
-
-        {{:error, errors, info}, _} ->
-          {:error, errors, info}
+        spawn_workers(schedulers, cache, files, output, options)
       after
         Module.ParallelChecker.stop(cache)
       end
@@ -303,6 +281,7 @@ defmodule Kernel.ParallelCompiler do
 
     {outcome, state} =
       spawn_workers(files, %{}, %{}, [], %{}, [], [], %{
+        beam_timestamp: Keyword.get(options, :beam_timestamp),
         dest: Keyword.get(options, :dest),
         each_cycle: Keyword.get(options, :each_cycle, fn -> {:runtime, [], []} end),
         each_file: Keyword.get(options, :each_file, fn _, _ -> :ok end) |> each_file(),
@@ -360,9 +339,10 @@ defmodule Kernel.ParallelCompiler do
   ## Verification
 
   defp verify_modules(result, compile_warnings, dependent_modules, state) do
+    modules = write_module_binaries(result, state.output, state.beam_timestamp)
     runtime_warnings = maybe_check_modules(result, dependent_modules, state)
     info = %{compile_warnings: Enum.reverse(compile_warnings), runtime_warnings: runtime_warnings}
-    {{:ok, result, info}, state}
+    {{:ok, modules, info}, state}
   end
 
   defp maybe_check_modules(result, runtime_modules, state) do

lib/elixir/lib/kernel/typespec.ex

@@ -493,6 +493,24 @@ defmodule Kernel.Typespec do
      state}
   end
 
+  defp typespec(
+         {:<<>>, meta, [{:"::", _, [{:_, _, ctx1}, {:*, prod_meta, [size, unit]}]}]},
+         _,
+         _,
+         state
+       )
+       when is_atom(ctx1) and is_integer(size) and size >= 0 and unit in 1..256 do
+    location = location(meta)
+    prod_location = location(prod_meta)
+
+    {{:type, location, :binary,
+      [
+        {:op, prod_location, :*, {:integer, prod_location, size},
+         {:integer, prod_location, unit}},
+        {:integer, location, 0}
+      ]}, state}
+  end
+
   defp typespec({:<<>>, meta, [{:"::", size_meta, [{:_, _, ctx}, size]}]}, _, _, state)
        when is_atom(ctx) and is_integer(size) and size >= 0 do
     location = location(meta)
@@ -938,7 +956,7 @@ defmodule Kernel.Typespec do
 
   ## Helpers
 
-  # This is a backport of Macro.expand/2 because we want to expand
+  # This is a modified backport of Macro.expand/2 because we want to expand
   # aliases but we don't them to become compile-time references.
   defp expand_remote({:__aliases__, meta, list} = alias, env) do
     case :elixir_aliases.expand_or_concat(meta, list, env, true) do
@@ -946,9 +964,12 @@ defmodule Kernel.Typespec do
         receiver
 
       [head | tail] ->
-        case Macro.expand_once(head, env) do
-          head when is_atom(head) -> :elixir_aliases.concat([head | tail])
-          _ -> alias
+        case Macro.expand(head, env) do
+          head when is_atom(head) ->
+            :elixir_aliases.concat([head | tail])
+
+          _ ->
+            compile_error(env, "unexpected expression in typespec: #{Macro.to_string(alias)}")
         end
     end
   end

lib/elixir/lib/kernel/utils.ex

@@ -174,14 +174,14 @@ defmodule Kernel.Utils do
         true ->
           case enforce_keys do
             [] ->
-              quote do
+              quote line: 0, generated: true do
                 Enum.reduce(kv, unquote(escaped_struct), fn {key, val}, map ->
                   %{map | key => val}
                 end)
               end
 
             _ ->
-              quote do
+              quote line: 0, generated: true do
                 {map, keys} =
                   Enum.reduce(kv, {unquote(escaped_struct), unquote(enforce_keys)}, fn
                     {key, val}, {map, keys} ->
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ defmodule Kernel.Utils do
           end
 
         false ->
-          quote do
+          quote line: 0, generated: true do
             :lists.foldl(
               fn {key, val}, acc -> %{acc | key => val} end,
               unquote(escaped_struct),

lib/elixir/lib/list.ex

@@ -1133,7 +1133,7 @@ defmodule List do
 
         Please check the given list or call inspect/1 to get the list representation, got:
 
-        #{inspect(list)}
+        #{inspect(list, charlists: :as_lists)}
         """
     else
       result when is_binary(result) ->
@@ -1185,7 +1185,7 @@ defmodule List do
 
         Please check the given list or call inspect/1 to get the list representation, got:
 
-        #{inspect(list)}
+        #{inspect(list, charlists: :as_lists)}
         """
     else
       result when is_list(result) ->

lib/elixir/lib/macro.ex

@@ -146,8 +146,6 @@ defmodule Macro do
     * `:delimiter` - contains the opening delimiter for sigils, strings,
       and charlists as a string (such as `"{"`, `"/"`, `"'"`, and the like)
 
-    * `:format` - set to `:keyword` when an atom is defined as a keyword
-
     * `:do` - contains metadata about the `do` location in a function call with
       `do`-`end` blocks (when `:token_metadata` is true)
 
@@ -159,10 +157,18 @@ defmodule Macro do
       expressions inside "blocks of code", which are either direct children
       of a `__block__` or the right side of `->`. The last expression of the
       block does not have metadata if it is not followed by an end of line
-      character (either a newline or `;`)
+      character (either a newline or `;`). This entry may appear multiple times
+      in the same metadata if the expression is surround by parens
+
+    * `:format` - set to `:keyword` when an atom is defined as a keyword.
+      It may also be set to `:atom` to distinguish `nil`, `false`, and `true`
 
     * `:indentation` - indentation of a sigil heredoc
 
+    * `:parens` - denotes a node was surrounded by parens for grouping.
+      This entry may appear multiple times in the same metadata if
+      multiple pairs are used for grouping
+
   The following metadata keys are private:
 
     * `:alias` - Used for alias hygiene.

lib/elixir/lib/module.ex

@@ -946,7 +946,8 @@ defmodule Module do
   @doc """
   Concatenates two aliases and returns a new alias.
 
-  It handles binaries and atoms.
+  It handles binaries and atoms. If one of the aliases
+  is nil, it is discarded.
 
   ## Examples
 
@@ -956,6 +957,9 @@ defmodule Module do
       iex> Module.concat(Foo, "Bar")
       Foo.Bar
 
+      iex> Module.concat(Foo, nil)
+      Foo
+
   """
   @spec concat(binary | atom, binary | atom) :: atom
   def concat(left, right)

lib/elixir/lib/module/parallel_checker.ex

@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ defmodule Module.ParallelChecker do
       |> Module.Types.warnings(file, definitions, no_warn_undefined, cache)
       |> Kernel.++(behaviour_warnings)
       |> group_warnings()
-      |> emit_warnings(log?)
+      |> emit_warnings(file, log?)
 
     Enum.each(after_verify, fn {verify_mod, verify_fun} ->
       apply(verify_mod, verify_fun, [module])
@@ -320,9 +320,9 @@ defmodule Module.ParallelChecker do
     Enum.sort(ungrouped ++ grouped)
   end
 
-  defp emit_warnings(warnings, log?) do
+  defp emit_warnings(warnings, file, log?) do
     Enum.flat_map(warnings, fn {locations, diagnostic} ->
-      diagnostics = Enum.map(locations, &to_diagnostic(diagnostic, &1))
+      diagnostics = Enum.map(locations, &to_diagnostic(diagnostic, file, &1))
       log? and print_diagnostics(diagnostics)
       diagnostics
     end)
@@ -336,10 +336,12 @@ defmodule Module.ParallelChecker do
     :elixir_errors.print_diagnostics(diagnostics)
   end
 
-  defp to_diagnostic(diagnostic, {file, position, mfa}) when is_list(position) do
+  defp to_diagnostic(diagnostic, source, {file, position, mfa}) when is_list(position) do
+    file = Path.absname(file)
+
     %{
       severity: :warning,
-      source: file,
+      source: source,
       file: file,
       position: position_to_tuple(position),
       stacktrace: [to_stacktrace(file, position, mfa)],
@@ -437,10 +439,16 @@ defmodule Module.ParallelChecker do
 
   defp cache_chunk(table, module, exports) do
     Enum.each(exports, fn {{fun, arity}, info} ->
-      # TODO: Match on signature directly in Elixir v1.22+
+      sig =
+        case info do
+          %{sig: {:strong, _, _} = sig} -> sig
+          %{sig: {:infer, _} = sig} -> sig
+          _ -> :none
+        end
+
       :ets.insert(
         table,
-        {{module, {fun, arity}}, Map.get(info, :deprecated), Map.get(info, :sig, :none)}
+        {{module, {fun, arity}}, Map.get(info, :deprecated), sig}
       )
     end)
 

lib/elixir/lib/module/types.ex

@@ -182,9 +182,12 @@ defmodule Module.Types do
   end
 
   defp warn_unused_clauses(defs, stack, context) do
-    for {fun_arity, pending} <- context.local_used, pending != [], reduce: context do
+    for {fun_arity, pending} <- context.local_used,
+        pending != [],
+        {_fun_arity, kind, meta, clauses} = List.keyfind(defs, fun_arity, 0),
+        not Keyword.get(meta, :from_super, false),
+        reduce: context do
       context ->
-        {_fun_arity, kind, _meta, clauses} = List.keyfind(defs, fun_arity, 0)
         {_kind, _inferred, mapping} = Map.fetch!(context.local_sigs, fun_arity)
 
         clauses_indexes =

lib/elixir/lib/module/types/apply.ex

@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ defmodule Module.Types.Apply do
 
     case signature(name, arity) do
       :none -> {dynamic(), context}
-      info -> apply_remote(info, args_types, expr, stack, context)
+      info -> apply_remote(nil, name, info, args_types, expr, stack, context)
     end
   end
 
@@ -287,10 +287,14 @@ defmodule Module.Types.Apply do
         {value_type, context}
 
       :badtuple ->
-        {error_type(), badremote_error(expr, [integer(), tuple], stack, context)}
+        {error_type(),
+         badremote_error(:erlang, :element, expr, [integer(), tuple], stack, context)}
 
-      reason ->
-        {error_type(), error({reason, expr, tuple, index - 1, context}, meta, stack, context)}
+      :badindex ->
+        mfac = mfac(expr, :erlang, :element, 2)
+
+        {error_type(),
+         error({:badindex, mfac, expr, tuple, index - 1, context}, meta, stack, context)}
     end
   end
 
@@ -308,10 +312,16 @@ defmodule Module.Types.Apply do
         {value_type, context}
 
       :badtuple ->
-        {error_type(), badremote_error(expr, [integer(), tuple, value], stack, context)}
+        args_types = [integer(), tuple, value]
 
-      reason ->
-        {error_type(), error({reason, expr, tuple, index - 2, context}, meta, stack, context)}
+        {error_type(),
+         badremote_error(:erlang, :insert_element, expr, args_types, stack, context)}
+
+      :badindex ->
+        mfac = mfac(expr, :erlang, :insert_element, 3)
+
+        {error_type(),
+         error({:badindex, mfac, expr, tuple, index - 2, context}, meta, stack, context)}
     end
   end
 
@@ -322,10 +332,16 @@ defmodule Module.Types.Apply do
         {value_type, context}
 
       :badtuple ->
-        {error_type(), badremote_error(expr, [integer(), tuple], stack, context)}
+        args_types = [integer(), tuple]
 
-      reason ->
-        {error_type(), error({reason, expr, tuple, index - 1, context}, meta, stack, context)}
+        {error_type(),
+         badremote_error(:erlang, :delete_element, expr, args_types, stack, context)}
+
+      :badindex ->
+        mfac = mfac(expr, :erlang, :delete_element, 2)
+
+        {error_type(),
+         error({:badindex, mfac, expr, tuple, index - 1, context}, meta, stack, context)}
     end
   end
 
@@ -340,7 +356,7 @@ defmodule Module.Types.Apply do
         {value_type, context}
 
       :badnonemptylist ->
-        {error_type(), badremote_error(expr, [list], stack, context)}
+        {error_type(), badremote_error(:erlang, :hd, expr, [list], stack, context)}
     end
   end
 
@@ -350,7 +366,7 @@ defmodule Module.Types.Apply do
         {value_type, context}
 
       :badnonemptylist ->
-        {error_type(), badremote_error(expr, [list], stack, context)}
+        {error_type(), badremote_error(:erlang, :tl, expr, [list], stack, context)}
     end
   end
 
@@ -384,11 +400,19 @@ defmodule Module.Types.Apply do
     end
   end
 
-  def remote(:erlang, name, [left, right] = args_types, expr, stack, context)
+  def remote(
+        :erlang,
+        name,
+        [left, right] = args_types,
+        {_, _, args} = expr,
+        stack,
+        context
+      )
       when name in [:==, :"/=", :"=:=", :"=/="] do
     context =
       cond do
-        stack.mode == :infer ->
+        # We ignore quoted literals as they most likely come from generated code.
+        stack.mode == :infer or Macro.quoted_literal?(args) ->
           context
 
         name in [:==, :"/="] and number_type?(left) and number_type?(right) ->
@@ -405,30 +429,36 @@ defmodule Module.Types.Apply do
     {return(boolean(), args_types, stack), context}
   end
 
-  def remote(mod, name, args_types, expr, stack, context) do
+  def remote(mod, fun, args_types, expr, stack, context) do
     arity = length(args_types)
 
-    case :elixir_rewrite.inline(mod, name, arity) do
-      {mod, name} ->
-        remote(mod, name, args_types, expr, stack, context)
+    case :elixir_rewrite.inline(mod, fun, arity) do
+      {new_mod, new_fun} ->
+        expr = inline_meta(expr, mod, fun)
+        remote(new_mod, new_fun, args_types, expr, stack, context)
 
       false ->
-        {info, context} = signature(mod, name, arity, elem(expr, 1), stack, context)
-        apply_remote(info, args_types, expr, stack, context)
+        {info, context} = signature(mod, fun, arity, elem(expr, 1), stack, context)
+        apply_remote(mod, fun, info, args_types, expr, stack, context)
     end
   end
 
-  defp apply_remote(info, args_types, expr, stack, context) do
+  defp apply_remote(mod, fun, info, args_types, expr, stack, context) do
     case apply_signature(info, args_types, stack) do
       {:ok, _indexes, type} ->
         {type, context}
 
       {:error, domain, clauses} ->
-        error = {:badremote, expr, args_types, domain, clauses, context}
+        mfac = mfac(expr, mod, fun, length(args_types))
+        error = {:badremote, mfac, expr, args_types, domain, clauses, context}
         {error_type(), error(error, elem(expr, 1), stack, context)}
     end
   end
 
+  defp inline_meta({node, meta, args}, mod, fun) do
+    {node, [inline: {mod, fun}] ++ meta, args}
+  end
+
   @doc """
   Returns the type of a remote capture.
   """
@@ -718,22 +748,28 @@ defmodule Module.Types.Apply do
     error(__MODULE__, warning, meta, stack, context)
   end
 
-  defp badremote_error({{:., _, [mod, fun]}, meta, _} = expr, args_types, stack, context) do
-    {_type, domain, [{args, _} | _] = clauses} = signature(mod, fun, length(args_types))
-    error({:badremote, expr, args_types, domain || args, clauses, context}, meta, stack, context)
+  defp badremote_error(mod, fun, {_, meta, _} = expr, args_types, stack, context) do
+    arity = length(args_types)
+    mfac = mfac(expr, mod, fun, arity)
+    {_type, domain, [{args, _} | _] = clauses} = signature(mod, fun, arity)
+    domain = domain || args
+    tuple = {:badremote, mfac, expr, args_types, domain, clauses, context}
+    error(tuple, meta, stack, context)
   end
 
-  ## Diagnosstics
+  ## Diagnostics
 
-  def format_diagnostic({:badindex, expr, type, index, context}) do
+  def format_diagnostic({:badindex, mfac, expr, type, index, context}) do
     traces = collect_traces(expr, context)
+    {mod, fun, arity, _converter} = mfac
+    mfa = Exception.format_mfa(mod, fun, arity)
 
     %{
       details: %{typing_traces: traces},
       message:
         IO.iodata_to_binary([
           """
-          expected a tuple with at least #{pluralize(index + 1, "element", "elements")} in #{format_mfa(expr)}:
+          expected a tuple with at least #{pluralize(index + 1, "element", "elements")} in #{mfa}:
 
               #{expr_to_string(expr) |> indent(4)}
 
@@ -749,7 +785,7 @@ defmodule Module.Types.Apply do
   def format_diagnostic({:badlocal, expr, args_types, domain, clauses, context}) do
     traces = collect_traces(expr, context)
     converter = &Function.identity/1
-    {fun, _, _} = expr
+    {fun, meta, _} = expr
 
     explanation =
       empty_arg_reason(args_types) ||
@@ -758,16 +794,29 @@ defmodule Module.Types.Apply do
         #{clauses_args_to_quoted_string(clauses, converter)}
         """
 
-    %{
-      details: %{typing_traces: traces},
-      message:
-        IO.iodata_to_binary([
+    banner =
+      case fun == :super && meta[:default] && meta[:super] do
+        {_kind, fun} ->
+          """
+          incompatible types given as default arguments to #{fun}/#{length(args_types)}:
+          """
+
+        _ ->
           """
           incompatible types given to #{fun}/#{length(args_types)}:
 
               #{expr_to_string(expr) |> indent(4)}
 
           given types:
+          """
+      end
+
+    %{
+      details: %{typing_traces: traces},
+      message:
+        IO.iodata_to_binary([
+          banner,
+          """
 
               #{args_to_quoted_string(args_types, domain, converter) |> indent(4)}
 
@@ -778,10 +827,9 @@ defmodule Module.Types.Apply do
     }
   end
 
-  def format_diagnostic({:badremote, expr, args_types, domain, clauses, context}) do
+  def format_diagnostic({:badremote, mfac, expr, args_types, domain, clauses, context}) do
     traces = collect_traces(expr, context)
-    {{:., _, [mod, fun]}, _, args} = expr
-    {mod, fun, args, converter} = :elixir_rewrite.erl_to_ex(mod, fun, args)
+    {mod, fun, arity, converter} = mfac
 
     explanation =
       empty_arg_reason(converter.(args_types)) ||
@@ -790,12 +838,15 @@ defmodule Module.Types.Apply do
         #{clauses_args_to_quoted_string(clauses, converter)}
         """
 
+    mfa_or_fa =
+      if mod, do: Exception.format_mfa(mod, fun, arity), else: "#{fun}/#{arity}"
+
     %{
       details: %{typing_traces: traces},
       message:
         IO.iodata_to_binary([
           """
-          incompatible types given to #{Exception.format_mfa(mod, fun, length(args))}:
+          incompatible types given to #{mfa_or_fa}:
 
               #{expr_to_string(expr) |> indent(4)}
 
@@ -932,9 +983,19 @@ defmodule Module.Types.Apply do
   defp pluralize(1, singular, _), do: "1 #{singular}"
   defp pluralize(i, _, plural), do: "#{i} #{plural}"
 
-  defp format_mfa({{:., _, [mod, fun]}, _, args}) do
-    {mod, fun, args, _} = :elixir_rewrite.erl_to_ex(mod, fun, args)
-    Exception.format_mfa(mod, fun, length(args))
+  defp mfac({_, [inline: {mod, fun}] ++ _, _}, _mod, _fun, arity) do
+    {mod, fun, arity, & &1}
+  end
+
+  defp mfac({{:., _, [mod, fun]}, _, args}, _mod, _fun, _arity)
+       when is_atom(mod) and is_atom(fun) do
+    {mod, fun, args, converter} = :elixir_rewrite.erl_to_ex(mod, fun, args)
+    {mod, fun, length(args), converter}
+  end
+
+  defp mfac(_, mod, fun, arity)
+       when is_atom(mod) and is_atom(fun) and is_integer(arity) do
+    {mod, fun, arity, & &1}
   end
 
   ## Algebra helpers

lib/elixir/lib/module/types/descr.ex

@@ -1264,8 +1264,115 @@ defmodule Module.Types.Descr do
 
   defp map_only?(descr), do: empty?(Map.delete(descr, :map))
 
-  # Union is list concatenation
-  defp map_union(dnf1, dnf2), do: dnf1 ++ (dnf2 -- dnf1)
+  defp map_union(dnf1, dnf2) do
+    # Union is just concatenation, but we rely on some optimization strategies to
+    # avoid the list to grow when possible
+
+    # first pass trying to identify patterns where two maps can be fused as one
+    with [map1] <- dnf1,
+         [map2] <- dnf2,
+         optimized when optimized != nil <- maybe_optimize_map_union(map1, map2) do
+      [optimized]
+    else
+      # otherwise we just concatenate and remove structural duplicates
+      _ -> dnf1 ++ (dnf2 -- dnf1)
+    end
+  end
+
+  defp maybe_optimize_map_union({tag1, pos1, []} = map1, {tag2, pos2, []} = map2) do
+    case map_union_optimization_strategy(tag1, pos1, tag2, pos2) do
+      :all_equal ->
+        map1
+
+      :any_map ->
+        {:open, %{}, []}
+
+      {:one_key_difference, key, v1, v2} ->
+        new_pos = Map.put(pos1, key, union(v1, v2))
+        {tag1, new_pos, []}
+
+      :left_subtype_of_right ->
+        map2
+
+      :right_subtype_of_left ->
+        map1
+
+      nil ->
+        nil
+    end
+  end
+
+  defp maybe_optimize_map_union(_, _), do: nil
+
+  defp map_union_optimization_strategy(tag1, pos1, tag2, pos2)
+  defp map_union_optimization_strategy(tag, pos, tag, pos), do: :all_equal
+  defp map_union_optimization_strategy(:open, empty, _, _) when empty == %{}, do: :any_map
+  defp map_union_optimization_strategy(_, _, :open, empty) when empty == %{}, do: :any_map
+
+  defp map_union_optimization_strategy(tag, pos1, tag, pos2)
+       when map_size(pos1) == map_size(pos2) do
+    :maps.iterator(pos1)
+    |> :maps.next()
+    |> do_map_union_optimization_strategy(pos2, :all_equal)
+  end
+
+  defp map_union_optimization_strategy(:open, pos1, _, pos2)
+       when map_size(pos1) <= map_size(pos2) do
+    :maps.iterator(pos1)
+    |> :maps.next()
+    |> do_map_union_optimization_strategy(pos2, :right_subtype_of_left)
+  end
+
+  defp map_union_optimization_strategy(_, pos1, :open, pos2)
+       when map_size(pos1) >= map_size(pos2) do
+    :maps.iterator(pos2)
+    |> :maps.next()
+    |> do_map_union_optimization_strategy(pos1, :right_subtype_of_left)
+    |> case do
+      :right_subtype_of_left -> :left_subtype_of_right
+      nil -> nil
+    end
+  end
+
+  defp map_union_optimization_strategy(_, _, _, _), do: nil
+
+  defp do_map_union_optimization_strategy(:none, _, status), do: status
+
+  defp do_map_union_optimization_strategy({key, v1, iterator}, pos2, status) do
+    with %{^key => v2} <- pos2,
+         next_status when next_status != nil <- map_union_next_strategy(key, v1, v2, status) do
+      do_map_union_optimization_strategy(:maps.next(iterator), pos2, next_status)
+    else
+      _ -> nil
+    end
+  end
+
+  defp map_union_next_strategy(key, v1, v2, status)
+
+  # structurally equal values do not impact the ongoing strategy
+  defp map_union_next_strategy(_key, same, same, status), do: status
+
+  defp map_union_next_strategy(key, v1, v2, :all_equal) do
+    if key != :__struct__, do: {:one_key_difference, key, v1, v2}
+  end
+
+  defp map_union_next_strategy(_key, v1, v2, {:one_key_difference, _, d1, d2}) do
+    # we have at least two key differences now, we switch strategy
+    # if both are subtypes in one direction, keep checking
+    cond do
+      subtype?(d1, d2) and subtype?(v1, v2) -> :left_subtype_of_right
+      subtype?(d2, d1) and subtype?(v2, v1) -> :right_subtype_of_left
+      true -> nil
+    end
+  end
+
+  defp map_union_next_strategy(_key, v1, v2, :left_subtype_of_right) do
+    if subtype?(v1, v2), do: :left_subtype_of_right
+  end
+
+  defp map_union_next_strategy(_key, v1, v2, :right_subtype_of_left) do
+    if subtype?(v2, v1), do: :right_subtype_of_left
+  end
 
   # Given two unions of maps, intersects each pair of maps.
   defp map_intersection(dnf1, dnf2) do
@@ -1275,7 +1382,16 @@ defmodule Module.Types.Descr do
       acc ->
         try do
           {tag, fields} = map_literal_intersection(tag1, pos1, tag2, pos2)
-          [{tag, fields, negs1 ++ negs2} | acc]
+          entry = {tag, fields, negs1 ++ negs2}
+
+          # Imagine a, b, c, where a is closed and b and c are open with
+          # no keys in common. The result in both cases will be a and we
+          # want to avoid adding duplicates, especially as intersection
+          # is a cartesian product.
+          case :lists.member(entry, acc) do
+            true -> acc
+            false -> [entry | acc]
+          end
         catch
           :empty -> acc
         end
@@ -1329,11 +1445,10 @@ defmodule Module.Types.Descr do
         :maps.next(iterator) |> map_literal_intersection_loop(acc)
 
       _ ->
-        # If the key is marked as not_set in the open map, we can ignore it.
-        if type1 == @not_set do
-          :maps.next(iterator) |> map_literal_intersection_loop(acc)
-        else
-          throw(:empty)
+        # If the key is optional in the open map, we can ignore it
+        case type1 do
+          %{optional: 1} -> :maps.next(iterator) |> map_literal_intersection_loop(acc)
+          _ -> throw(:empty)
         end
     end
   end
@@ -1739,29 +1854,19 @@ defmodule Module.Types.Descr do
 
   defp map_non_negated_fuse(maps) do
     Enum.reduce(maps, [], fn map, acc ->
-      case Enum.split_while(acc, &non_fusible_maps?(map, &1)) do
-        {_, []} ->
-          [map | acc]
-
-        {others, [match | rest]} ->
-          fused = map_non_negated_fuse_pair(map, match)
-          others ++ [fused | rest]
-      end
+      fuse_with_first_fusible(map, acc)
     end)
   end
 
-  # Two maps are fusible if they differ in at most one element.
-  defp non_fusible_maps?({_, fields1, []}, {_, fields2, []}) do
-    Enum.count_until(fields1, fn {key, value} -> Map.fetch!(fields2, key) != value end, 2) > 1
-  end
+  defp fuse_with_first_fusible(map, []), do: [map]
 
-  defp map_non_negated_fuse_pair({tag, fields1, []}, {_, fields2, []}) do
-    fields =
-      symmetrical_merge(fields1, fields2, fn _k, v1, v2 ->
-        if v1 == v2, do: v1, else: union(v1, v2)
-      end)
-
-    {tag, fields, []}
+  defp fuse_with_first_fusible(map, [candidate | rest]) do
+    if fused = maybe_optimize_map_union(map, candidate) do
+      # we found a fusible candidate, we're done
+      [fused | rest]
+    else
+      [candidate | fuse_with_first_fusible(map, rest)]
+    end
   end
 
   # If all fields are the same except one, we can optimize map difference.
@@ -1932,8 +2037,16 @@ defmodule Module.Types.Descr do
         reduce: [] do
       acc ->
         case tuple_literal_intersection(tag1, elements1, tag2, elements2) do
-          {tag, fields} -> [{tag, fields, negs1 ++ negs2} | acc]
-          :empty -> acc
+          {tag, elements} ->
+            entry = {tag, elements, negs1 ++ negs2}
+
+            case :lists.member(entry, acc) do
+              true -> acc
+              false -> [entry | acc]
+            end
+
+          :empty ->
+            acc
         end
     end
     |> case do

lib/elixir/lib/module/types/expr.ex

@@ -263,8 +263,9 @@ defmodule Module.Types.Expr do
     {case_type, context} = of_expr(case_expr, stack, context)
 
     # If we are only type checking the expression and the expression is a literal,
-    # let's mark it as generated, as it is most likely a macro code.
-    if is_atom(case_expr) and {:type_check, :expr} in meta do
+    # let's mark it as generated, as it is most likely a macro code. However, if
+    # no clause is matched, we should still check for that.
+    if Macro.quoted_literal?(case_expr) do
       for {:->, meta, args} <- clauses, do: {:->, [generated: true] ++ meta, args}
     else
       clauses
@@ -517,7 +518,7 @@ defmodule Module.Types.Expr do
 
   defp with_clause({:<-, _meta, [left, right]} = expr, stack, context) do
     {pattern, guards} = extract_head([left])
-    {_type, context} = Pattern.of_match(pattern, guards, dynamic(), :with, expr, stack, context)
+    {_type, context} = Pattern.of_match(pattern, guards, dynamic(), expr, :with, stack, context)
     {_, context} = of_expr(right, stack, context)
     context
   end

lib/elixir/lib/module/types/helpers.ex

@@ -85,6 +85,9 @@ defmodule Module.Types.Helpers do
 
   @doc """
   Collect traces from variables in expression.
+
+  This information is exposed to language servers and
+  therefore must remain backwards compatible.
   """
   def collect_traces(expr, %{vars: vars}) do
     {_, versions} =
@@ -135,16 +138,17 @@ defmodule Module.Types.Helpers do
           formatter -> formatter.(expr)
         end
 
+      # This information is exposed to language servers and
+      # therefore must remain backwards compatible.
       %{
         file: file,
-        line: meta[:line],
-        column: meta[:column],
-        hints: formatter_hints ++ expr_hints(expr),
+        meta: meta,
         formatted_expr: formatted_expr,
+        formatted_hints: format_hints(formatter_hints ++ expr_hints(expr)),
         formatted_type: Module.Types.Descr.to_quoted_string(type, collapse_structs: true)
       }
     end)
-    |> Enum.sort_by(&{&1.line, &1.column})
+    |> Enum.sort_by(&{&1.meta[:line], &1.meta[:column]})
     |> Enum.dedup()
   end
 
@@ -161,7 +165,7 @@ defmodule Module.Types.Helpers do
         location =
           trace.file
           |> Path.relative_to_cwd()
-          |> Exception.format_file_line(trace.line, trace.column)
+          |> Exception.format_file_line(trace.meta[:line], trace.meta[:column])
           |> String.replace_suffix(":", "")
 
         [
@@ -173,7 +177,7 @@ defmodule Module.Types.Helpers do
           """,
           indent(trace.formatted_expr, 4),
           ?\n,
-          format_hints(trace.hints)
+          trace.formatted_hints
         ]
       end
 

lib/elixir/lib/module/types/pattern.ex

@@ -335,6 +335,10 @@ defmodule Module.Types.Pattern do
     {type, context}
   end
 
+  def of_match_var({:<<>>, _meta, args}, _expected, _expr, stack, context) do
+    {binary(), Of.binary(args, :match, stack, context)}
+  end
+
   def of_match_var(ast, expected, expr, stack, context) do
     of_match(ast, expected, expr, :default, stack, context)
   end

lib/elixir/lib/path.ex

@@ -884,7 +884,7 @@ defmodule Path do
     * A `..` component would make it so that the path would traverse up above
       the root of `relative_to`.
 
-    * A symbolic link in the path points to something above the root of `cwd`.
+    * A symbolic link in the path points to something above the root of `relative_to`.
 
   ## Examples
 
@@ -906,10 +906,10 @@ defmodule Path do
   """
   @doc since: "1.14.0"
   @spec safe_relative(t, t) :: {:ok, binary} | :error
-  def safe_relative(path, cwd \\ File.cwd!()) do
+  def safe_relative(path, relative_to \\ File.cwd!()) do
     path = IO.chardata_to_string(path)
 
-    case :filelib.safe_relative_path(path, cwd) do
+    case :filelib.safe_relative_path(path, relative_to) do
       :unsafe -> :error
       relative_path -> {:ok, IO.chardata_to_string(relative_path)}
     end

lib/elixir/lib/process.ex

@@ -219,6 +219,16 @@ defmodule Process do
 
   Inlined by the compiler.
 
+  > #### Differences to `Kernel.exit/1` {: .info }
+  >
+  > The functions `Kernel.exit/1` and `Process.exit/2` are
+  > named similarly but provide very different functionalities. The
+  > `Kernel:exit/1` function should be used when the intent is to stop the current
+  > process while `Process.exit/2` should be used when the intent is to send an
+  > exit signal to another process. Note also that `Kernel.exit/1` can be caught
+  > with `try/1` while `Process.exit/2` can only be handled by trapping exits and
+  > when the signal is different than `:kill`.
+
   ## Examples
 
       Process.exit(pid, :kill)

lib/elixir/lib/protocol.ex

@@ -347,7 +347,7 @@ defmodule Protocol do
   end
 
   defp assert_impl!(protocol, base, extra) do
-    impl = Module.concat(protocol, base)
+    impl = Protocol.__concat__(protocol, base)
 
     try do
       Code.ensure_compiled!(impl)
@@ -678,7 +678,7 @@ defmodule Protocol do
   end
 
   defp load_impl(protocol, for) do
-    Module.concat(protocol, for)
+    Protocol.__concat__(protocol, for)
   end
 
   # Finally compile the module and emit its bytecode.
@@ -831,7 +831,7 @@ defmodule Protocol do
       # Define the implementation for built-ins
       :lists.foreach(
         fn {guard, mod} ->
-          target = Module.concat(__MODULE__, mod)
+          target = Protocol.__concat__(__MODULE__, mod)
 
           Kernel.def impl_for(data) when :erlang.unquote(guard)(data) do
             case Code.ensure_compiled(unquote(target)) do
@@ -875,7 +875,7 @@ defmodule Protocol do
 
       # Internal handler for Structs
       Kernel.defp struct_impl_for(struct) do
-        case Code.ensure_compiled(Module.concat(__MODULE__, struct)) do
+        case Code.ensure_compiled(Protocol.__concat__(__MODULE__, struct)) do
           {:module, module} -> module
           {:error, _} -> unquote(any_impl_for)
         end
@@ -948,7 +948,7 @@ defmodule Protocol do
     quote do
       protocol = unquote(protocol)
       for = unquote(for)
-      name = Module.concat(protocol, for)
+      name = Protocol.__concat__(protocol, for)
 
       Protocol.assert_protocol!(protocol)
       Protocol.__ensure_defimpl__(protocol, for, __ENV__)
@@ -994,7 +994,7 @@ defmodule Protocol do
       else
         # TODO: Deprecate this on Elixir v1.22+
         assert_impl!(protocol, Any, extra)
-        {Module.concat(protocol, Any), [for, Macro.struct!(for, env), opts]}
+        {Protocol.__concat__(protocol, Any), [for, Macro.struct!(for, env), opts]}
       end
 
     # Clean up variables from eval context
@@ -1006,7 +1006,7 @@ defmodule Protocol do
       else
         __ensure_defimpl__(protocol, for, env)
         assert_impl!(protocol, Any, extra)
-        impl = Module.concat(protocol, Any)
+        impl = Protocol.__concat__(protocol, Any)
 
         funs =
           for {fun, arity} <- protocol.__protocol__(:functions) do
@@ -1031,7 +1031,11 @@ defmodule Protocol do
             def __impl__(:for), do: unquote(for)
           end
 
-        Module.create(Module.concat(protocol, for), [quoted | funs], Macro.Env.location(env))
+        Module.create(
+          Protocol.__concat__(protocol, for),
+          [quoted | funs],
+          Macro.Env.location(env)
+        )
       end
     end)
   end
@@ -1070,4 +1074,17 @@ defmodule Protocol do
       is_reference: Reference
     ]
   end
+
+  @doc false
+  def __concat__(left, right) do
+    String.to_atom(
+      ensure_prefix(Atom.to_string(left)) <> "." <> remove_prefix(Atom.to_string(right))
+    )
+  end
+
+  defp ensure_prefix("Elixir." <> _ = left), do: left
+  defp ensure_prefix(left), do: "Elixir." <> left
+
+  defp remove_prefix("Elixir." <> right), do: right
+  defp remove_prefix(right), do: right
 end

lib/elixir/lib/regex.ex

@@ -209,17 +209,14 @@ defmodule Regex do
 
   ## Examples
 
-      iex> Regex.compile("foo")
-      {:ok, ~r/foo/}
+      Regex.compile("foo")
+      #=> {:ok, ~r/foo/}
 
-      iex> Regex.compile("*foo")
-      {:error, {~c"nothing to repeat", 0}}
+      Regex.compile("foo", "i")
+      #=>{:ok, ~r/foo/i}
 
-      iex> Regex.compile("foo", "i")
-      {:ok, ~r/foo/i}
-
-      iex> Regex.compile("foo", [:caseless])
-      {:ok, Regex.compile!("foo", [:caseless])}
+      Regex.compile("*foo")
+      #=> {:error, {~c"nothing to repeat", 0}}
 
   """
   @spec compile(binary, binary | [term]) :: {:ok, t} | {:error, term}

lib/elixir/lib/stream.ex

@@ -1444,7 +1444,7 @@ defmodule Stream do
   defp check_cycle_first_element(reduce) do
     fn acc ->
       case reduce.(acc) do
-        {state, []} when state in [:done, :halted] ->
+        {state, []} when state in [:done, :halted] and elem(acc, 0) != :halt ->
           raise ArgumentError, "cannot cycle over an empty enumerable"
 
         other ->

lib/elixir/lib/string.ex

@@ -488,6 +488,15 @@ defmodule String do
       iex> String.split(String.normalize("é", :nfc), "e")
       ["é"]
 
+  When using both the `:trim` and the `:parts` option, the empty values
+  are removed as the parts are computed (if any). No trimming happens
+  after all parts are computed:
+
+      iex> String.split(" a  b  c  ", " ", trim: true, parts: 2)
+      ["a", " b  c  "]
+      iex> String.split(" a  b  c  ", " ", trim: true, parts: 3)
+      ["a", "b", " c  "]
+
   """
   @spec split(t, pattern | Regex.t(), keyword) :: [t]
   def split(string, pattern, options \\ [])

lib/elixir/pages/getting-started/debugging.md

@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ When using `IEx`, you may pass `--dbg pry` as an option to "stop" the code execu
 $ iex --dbg pry
 ```
 
-Or to debug inside a of a project:
+Or to debug inside of a project:
 
 ```console
 $ iex --dbg pry -S mix

lib/elixir/pages/getting-started/keywords-and-maps.md

@@ -11,36 +11,40 @@ Keyword lists are a data-structure used to pass options to functions. Let's see
 Imagine you want to split a string of numbers. Initially, we can invoke `String.split/2` passing two strings as arguments:
 
 ```elixir
-iex> String.split("1 2 3", " ")
-["1", "2", "3"]
+iex> String.split("1 2 3 4", " ")
+["1", "2", "3", "4"]
 ```
 
-However, what happens if there is an additional space between the numbers:
+What if you only want to split at most 2 times? The `String.split/3` function allows the `parts` option to be set to the maximum number of entries in the result:
 
 ```elixir
-iex> String.split("1  2  3", " ")
-["1", "", "2", "", "3"]
+iex> String.split("1 2 3 4", " ", [parts: 3])
+["1", "2", "3 4"]
 ```
 
-As you can see, there are now empty strings in our results. Luckily, the `String.split/3` function allows the `trim` option to be set to true:
+As you can see, we got 3 parts, the last one containing the remaining of the input without splitting it.
+
+Now imagine that some of the inputs you must split on contains additional spaces between the numbers:
 
 ```elixir
-iex> String.split("1  2  3", " ", [trim: true])
-["1", "2", "3"]
+iex> String.split("1  2  3  4", " ", [parts: 3])
+["1", "", "2  3  4"]
 ```
 
-We can also use options to limit the splitting algorithm to a maximum number of parts, as shown next:
+As you can see, the additional spaces lead to empty entries in the output. Luckily, we can also set the `trim` option to `true` to remove them:
 
 ```elixir
-iex> String.split("1  2  3", " ", [trim: true, parts: 2])
-["1", "2  3"]
+iex> String.split("1  2  3  4", " ", [parts: 3, trim: true])
+["1", "2", " 3  4"]
 ```
 
-`[trim: true]` and `[trim: true, parts: 2]` are keyword lists. When a keyword list is the last argument of a function, we can skip the brackets and write:
+Once again we got 3 parts, with the last one containing the leftovers.
+
+`[parts: 3]` and `[parts: 3, trim: true]` are keyword lists. When a keyword list is the last argument of a function, we can skip the brackets and write:
 
 ```elixir
-iex> String.split("1  2  3", " ", trim: true, parts: 2)
-["1", "2  3"]
+iex> String.split("1  2  3  4", " ", parts: 3, trim: true)
+["1", "2", " 3  4"]
 ```
 
 As shown in the example above, keyword lists are mostly used as optional arguments to functions.
@@ -48,7 +52,7 @@ As shown in the example above, keyword lists are mostly used as optional argumen
 As the name implies, keyword lists are simply lists. In particular, they are lists consisting of 2-item tuples where the first element (the key) is an atom and the second element can be any value. Both representations are the same:
 
 ```elixir
-iex> [{:trim, true}, {:parts, 2}] == [trim: true, parts: 2]
+iex> [{:parts, 3}, {:trim, true}] == [parts: 3, trim: true]
 true
 ```
 

lib/elixir/pages/mix-and-otp/task-and-gen-tcp.md

@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ say me
 say me
 ```
 
-Yes, it works! However, does it *scale*?
+Yes, it works! However, can it handle more than one client?
 
 Try to connect two telnet clients at the same time. When you do so, you will notice that the second client doesn't echo:
 
@@ -303,4 +303,8 @@ Luckily, this can be done by using `Supervisor.child_spec/2`, which allows us to
 
 Now we have an always running acceptor that starts temporary task processes under an always running task supervisor.
 
+## Wrapping up
+
+In this chapter, we implemented a basic TCP acceptor while exploring concurrency and fault-tolerance. Our acceptor can manage concurrent connections, but it is still not ready for production. Production-ready TCP servers run a pool of acceptors, each with their own supervisor. Elixir's `PartitionSupervisor` might be used to partition and scale the acceptor, but it is out of scope for this guide. In practice, you will use existing packages tailored for this use-case, such as [Ranch](https://github.com/ninenines/ranch) (in Erlang) or [Thousand Island](https://github.com/mtrudel/thousand_island) (in Elixir).
+
 In the next chapter, we will start parsing the client requests and sending responses, finishing our server.

lib/elixir/pages/references/typespecs.md

@@ -1,7 +1,12 @@
 # Typespecs reference
 
-Elixir comes with a notation for declaring types and specifications. This document is a
-reference into their uses and syntax.
+> #### Typespecs are not set-theoretic types {: .warning}
+>
+> Elixir is in the process of implementing its
+> [own type system](./gradual-set-theoretic-types.md) based on set-theoretic types.
+> Typespecs, which are described in the following document, are a distinct notation
+> for declaring types and specifications based on Erlang.
+> Typespecs may be phased out as the set-theoretic type effort moves forward.
 
 Elixir is a dynamically typed language, and as such, type specifications are never used by the compiler to optimize or modify code. Still, using type specifications is useful because:
 
@@ -48,6 +53,13 @@ The syntax Elixir provides for type specifications is similar to [the one in Erl
 
 The notation to represent the union of types is the pipe `|`. For example, the typespec `type :: atom() | pid() | tuple()` creates a type `type` that can be either an `atom`, a `pid`, or a `tuple`. This is usually called a [sum type](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tagged_union) in other languages
 
+> #### Differences with set-theoretic types {: .warning}
+>
+> While they do share some similarities, the types below do not map one-to-one
+> to the new types from the set theoretic type system.
+> For example, there is no plan to support subsets of the `integer()` type such
+> as positive, ranges or literals.
+
 ### Basic types
 
     type ::

lib/elixir/scripts/elixir_docs.exs

@@ -191,12 +191,19 @@ canonical = System.fetch_env!("CANONICAL")
   before_closing_body_tag: fn
     :html ->
       """
+      <script defer src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/mermaid@10.2.3/dist/mermaid.min.js"></script>
       <script>
-        function mermaidLoaded() {
-          mermaid.initialize({
-            startOnLoad: false,
-            theme: document.body.className.includes("dark") ? "dark" : "default"
-          });
+        let initialized = false;
+
+        window.addEventListener("exdoc:loaded", () => {
+          if (!initialized) {
+            mermaid.initialize({
+              startOnLoad: false,
+              theme: document.body.className.includes("dark") ? "dark" : "default"
+            });
+            initialized = true;
+          }
+
           let id = 0;
           for (const codeEl of document.querySelectorAll("pre code.mermaid")) {
             const preEl = codeEl.parentElement;
@@ -210,9 +217,8 @@ canonical = System.fetch_env!("CANONICAL")
               preEl.remove();
             });
           }
-        }
+        });
       </script>
-      <script async src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/mermaid@10.2.3/dist/mermaid.min.js" onload="mermaidLoaded();"></script>
       """
 
     _ ->

lib/elixir/src/elixir_def.erl

@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ store_definition(Meta, Kind, CheckClauses, Name, Arity, DefaultsArgs, Guards, Bo
   [store_definition(none, Kind, Meta, Name, length(DefaultArgs), File,
                     Module, 0, [Default]) || {_, DefaultArgs, _, _} = Default <- Defaults],
 
-  run_on_definition_callbacks(Kind, Module, Name, DefaultsArgs, Guards, Body, E),
+  run_on_definition_callbacks(Meta, Kind, Module, Name, DefaultsArgs, Guards, Body, E),
   Tuple.
 
 env_for_expansion(Kind, Tuple, E) when Kind =:= defmacro; Kind =:= defmacrop ->
@@ -267,10 +267,13 @@ def_to_clauses(Kind, Meta, Args, Guards, Body, E) ->
       elixir_errors:file_error(Meta, E, elixir_expand, {missing_option, Kind, [do]})
   end.
 
-run_on_definition_callbacks(Kind, Module, Name, Args, Guards, Body, E) ->
+run_on_definition_callbacks(Meta, Kind, Module, Name, Args, Guards, Body, E) ->
   {_, Bag} = elixir_module:data_tables(Module),
   Callbacks = ets:lookup_element(Bag, {accumulate, on_definition}, 2),
-  _ = [Mod:Fun(E, Kind, Name, Args, Guards, Body) || {Mod, Fun} <- lists:reverse(Callbacks)],
+  _ = [begin
+    elixir_env:trace({remote_function, Meta, Mod, Fun, 6}, E),
+    Mod:Fun(E, Kind, Name, Args, Guards, Body)
+  end || {Mod, Fun} <- lists:reverse(Callbacks)],
   ok.
 
 store_definition(CheckClauses, Kind, Meta, Name, Arity, File, Module, Defaults, Clauses)
@@ -314,7 +317,7 @@ unpack_defaults(Kind, Meta, Name, Args, S, E) ->
 unpack_expanded(Kind, Meta, Name, [{'\\\\', DefaultMeta, [Expr, _]} | T] = List, VersionOffset, Acc, Clauses) ->
   Base = match_defaults(Acc, length(Acc) + VersionOffset, []),
   {Args, Invoke} = extract_defaults(List, length(Base) + VersionOffset, [], []),
-  Clause = {Meta, Base ++ Args, [], {super, [{super, {Kind, Name}} | DefaultMeta], Base ++ Invoke}},
+  Clause = {Meta, Base ++ Args, [], {super, [{super, {Kind, Name}}, {default, true} | DefaultMeta], Base ++ Invoke}},
   unpack_expanded(Kind, Meta, Name, T, VersionOffset, [Expr | Acc], [Clause | Clauses]);
 unpack_expanded(Kind, Meta, Name, [H | T], VersionOffset, Acc, Clauses) ->
   unpack_expanded(Kind, Meta, Name, T, VersionOffset, [H | Acc], Clauses);

lib/elixir/src/elixir_dispatch.erl

@@ -204,7 +204,9 @@ do_expand_import(Result, Meta, Name, Arity, Module, E, Trace) ->
     {import, Receiver} ->
       case expand_require(true, Meta, Receiver, Name, Arity, E, Trace) of
         {macro, _, _} = Response -> Response;
-        error -> {function, Receiver, Name}
+        error ->
+          Trace andalso elixir_env:trace({remote_function, Meta, Receiver, Name, Arity}, E),
+          {function, Receiver, Name}
       end;
     false when Module == ?kernel ->
       case elixir_rewrite:inline(Module, Name, Arity) of

lib/elixir/src/elixir_erl.erl

@@ -92,6 +92,9 @@ elixir_to_erl(Tree, Ann) when is_binary(Tree) ->
   %% considers a string in a binary to be encoded in latin1, so the bytes
   %% are not changed in any fashion.
   {bin, Ann, [{bin_element, Ann, {string, Ann, binary_to_list(Tree)}, default, default}]};
+elixir_to_erl(Tree, Ann) when is_bitstring(Tree) ->
+  Segments = [elixir_to_erl_bitstring_segment(X, Ann) || X <- bitstring_to_list(Tree)],
+  {bin, Ann, Segments};
 elixir_to_erl(Tree, Ann) when is_function(Tree) ->
   case (erlang:fun_info(Tree, type) == {type, external}) andalso
        (erlang:fun_info(Tree, env) == {env, []}) of
@@ -111,6 +114,13 @@ elixir_to_erl(Tree, Ann) ->
 elixir_to_erl_cons([H | T], Ann) -> {cons, Ann, elixir_to_erl(H, Ann), elixir_to_erl_cons(T, Ann)};
 elixir_to_erl_cons(T, Ann) -> elixir_to_erl(T, Ann).
 
+elixir_to_erl_bitstring_segment(Int, Ann) when is_integer(Int) ->
+  {bin_element, Ann, {integer, Ann, Int}, default, [integer]};
+elixir_to_erl_bitstring_segment(Rest, Ann) when is_bitstring(Rest) ->
+  Size = bit_size(Rest),
+  <<Int:Size>> = Rest,
+  {bin_element, Ann, {integer, Ann, Int}, {integer, Ann, Size}, [integer]}.
+
 %% Returns a scope for translation.
 
 scope(_Meta, ExpandCaptures) ->
@@ -165,7 +175,12 @@ dynamic_form(#{module := Module, relative_file := RelativeFile,
   {Def, Defmacro, Macros, Exports, Functions} =
     split_definition(Definitions, Unreachable, Line, [], [], [], [], {[], []}),
 
-  FilteredOpts = lists:filter(fun({no_warn_undefined, _}) -> false; (_) -> true end, Opts),
+  FilteredOpts = lists:filter(fun(
+    {no_warn_undefined, _}) -> false;
+    (debug_info) -> false;
+    (_) -> true
+  end, Opts),
+
   Location = {elixir_utils:characters_to_list(RelativeFile), Line},
 
   Prefix = [{attribute, Line, file, Location},

lib/elixir/src/elixir_erl_try.erl

@@ -20,7 +20,15 @@ reduce_clauses([], Acc, OldStack, SAcc, _S) ->
   {lists:reverse(Acc), SAcc#elixir_erl{stacktrace=OldStack}}.
 
 each_clause({'catch', Meta, Raw, Expr}, S) ->
-  {Match, Guards} = elixir_utils:extract_splat_guards(Raw),
+  {Args, Guards} = elixir_utils:extract_splat_guards(Raw),
+
+  Match =
+    %% Elixir v1.17 and earlier emitted single argument
+    %% and may still be processed via debug_info
+    case Args of
+      [X] -> [throw, X];
+      [X, Y] -> [X, Y]
+    end,
 
   {{clause, Line, [TKind, TMatches], TGuards, TBody}, TS} =
     elixir_erl_clauses:clause(?ann(Meta), fun elixir_erl_pass:translate_args/3, Match, Expr, Guards, S),

lib/elixir/src/elixir_errors.erl

@@ -92,7 +92,10 @@ emit_diagnostic(Severity, Position, File, Message, Stacktrace, Options) ->
 
   Diagnostic = #{
     severity => Severity,
-    source => File,
+    source => case get(elixir_compiler_file) of
+      undefined -> File;
+      CompilerFile -> CompilerFile
+    end,
     file => File,
     position => Position,
     message => unicode:characters_to_binary(Message),

lib/elixir/src/elixir_expand.erl

@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ expand({'&', Meta, [{'/', ArityMeta, [{super, SuperMeta, Context}, Arity]} = Exp
 
   case resolve_super(Meta, Arity, E) of
     {Kind, Name, _} when Kind == def; Kind == defp ->
-      {{'&', Meta, [{'/', ArityMeta, [{Name, SuperMeta, Context}, Arity]}]}, S, E};
+      expand({'&', Meta, [{'/', ArityMeta, [{Name, SuperMeta, Context}, Arity]}]}, S, E);
     _ ->
       expand_fn_capture(Meta, Expr, S, E)
   end;
@@ -343,7 +343,9 @@ expand({with, Meta, [_ | _] = Args}, S, E) ->
 
 expand({super, Meta, Args}, S, E) when is_list(Args) ->
   assert_no_match_or_guard_scope(Meta, "super", S, E),
-  {Kind, Name, _} = resolve_super(Meta, length(Args), E),
+  Arity = length(Args),
+  {Kind, Name, _} = resolve_super(Meta, Arity, E),
+  elixir_env:trace({local_function, Meta, Name, Arity}, E),
   {EArgs, SA, EA} = expand_args(Args, S, E),
   {{super, [{super, {Kind, Name}} | Meta], EArgs}, SA, EA};
 
@@ -899,8 +901,7 @@ expand_local(Meta, Name, Args, S, #{function := Function, context := Context} =
       module_error(Meta, E, ?MODULE, {invalid_local_invocation, elixir_utils:guard_info(S), {Name, Meta, Args}});
 
     nil ->
-      Arity = length(Args),
-      elixir_env:trace({local_function, Meta, Name, Arity}, E)
+      elixir_env:trace({local_function, Meta, Name, length(Args)}, E)
   end,
 
   {EArgs, SA, EA} = expand_args(Args, S, E),

lib/elixir/src/elixir_fn.erl

@@ -112,6 +112,10 @@ capture_expr(Meta, Expr, S, E, Escaped, Sequential) ->
   case escape(Expr, E, Escaped) of
     {_, []} when not Sequential ->
       invalid_capture(Meta, Expr, E);
+    {{{'.', _, [_, _]} = Dot, _, Args}, []} ->
+      Meta2 = lists:keydelete(no_parens, 1, Meta),
+      Fn = {fn, Meta2, [{'->', Meta2, [[], {Dot, Meta2, Args}]}]},
+      {expand, Fn, S, E};
     {EExpr, EDict} ->
       EVars = validate(Meta, EDict, 1, E),
       Fn = {fn, Meta, [{'->', Meta, [EVars, EExpr]}]},

lib/elixir/src/elixir_module.erl

@@ -155,6 +155,7 @@ compile(Meta, Module, ModuleAsCharlist, Block, Vars, Prune, E) ->
     put_compiler_modules([Module | CompilerModules]),
     {Result, ModuleE, CallbackE} = eval_form(Line, Module, DataBag, Block, Vars, Prune, E),
     CheckerInfo = checker_info(),
+    BeamLocation = beam_location(ModuleAsCharlist),
 
     {Binary, PersistedAttributes, Autoload} =
       elixir_erl_compiler:spawn(fun() ->
@@ -177,7 +178,7 @@ compile(Meta, Module, ModuleAsCharlist, Block, Vars, Prune, E) ->
          'Elixir.Module':'__check_attributes__'(E, DataSet, DataBag),
 
         AfterVerify = bag_lookup_element(DataBag, {accumulate, after_verify}, 2),
-        [elixir_env:trace({remote_function, [], VerifyMod, VerifyFun, 1}, CallbackE) ||
+        [elixir_env:trace({remote_function, [{line, Line}], VerifyMod, VerifyFun, 1}, CallbackE) ||
          {VerifyMod, VerifyFun} <- AfterVerify],
 
         %% Ensure there are no errors before we infer types
@@ -219,7 +220,7 @@ compile(Meta, Module, ModuleAsCharlist, Block, Vars, Prune, E) ->
         {Binary, PersistedAttributes, Autoload}
       end),
 
-    Autoload andalso code:load_binary(Module, beam_location(ModuleAsCharlist), Binary),
+    Autoload andalso code:load_binary(Module, BeamLocation, Binary),
     put_compiler_modules(CompilerModules),
     eval_callbacks(Line, DataBag, after_compile, [CallbackE, Binary], CallbackE),
     elixir_env:trace({on_module, Binary, none}, ModuleE),
@@ -294,7 +295,8 @@ validate_on_load_attribute({on_load, Def}, Defs, Bag, Line, E) ->
       elixir_errors:module_error([{line, Line}], E, ?MODULE, {undefined_function, on_load, Def});
     {_Def, Kind, _Meta, _Clauses} when Kind == defmacro; Kind == defmacrop ->
       elixir_errors:module_error([{line, Line}], E, ?MODULE, {bad_macro, on_load, Def});
-    {_Def, Kind, _Meta, _Clauses} ->
+    {{Name, Arity}, Kind, _Meta, _Clauses} ->
+      elixir_env:trace({local_function, [{line, Line}], Name, Arity}, E),
       (Kind == defp) andalso ets:insert(Bag, {used_private, Def})
   end;
 validate_on_load_attribute(false, _Defs, _Bag, _Line, _E) -> ok.

lib/elixir/src/elixir_overridable.erl

@@ -75,8 +75,9 @@ store_not_overridden(Module) ->
 %% Private
 
 store(Set, Module, Tuple, {_, Count, Def, Overridden}, Hidden) ->
-  {{{def, {Name, Arity}}, Kind, Meta, File, _Check,
+  {{{def, {Name, Arity}}, Kind, BaseMeta, File, _Check,
    {Defaults, _HasBody, _LastDefaults}}, Clauses} = Def,
+  Meta = [{from_super, Hidden} | BaseMeta],
 
   {FinalKind, FinalName, FinalArity, FinalClauses} =
     case Hidden of

lib/elixir/src/elixir_quote.erl

@@ -160,10 +160,19 @@ do_escape(BitString, _) when is_bitstring(BitString) ->
   end;
 
 do_escape(Map, Q) when is_map(Map) ->
-  TT = do_quote(lists:sort(maps:to_list(Map)), Q),
+  TT =
+    [if
+      is_reference(V) ->
+        argument_error(<<('Elixir.Kernel':inspect(Map, []))/binary, " contains a reference (",
+                         ('Elixir.Kernel':inspect(V, []))/binary, ") and therefore it cannot be escaped ",
+                         "(it must be defined within a function instead). ", (bad_escape_hint())/binary>>);
+      true ->
+        {do_quote(K, Q), do_quote(V, Q)}
+     end || {K, V} <- lists:sort(maps:to_list(Map))],
   {'%{}', [], TT};
 
-do_escape([], _) -> [];
+do_escape([], _) ->
+  [];
 
 do_escape([H | T], #elixir_quote{unquote=false} = Q) ->
   do_quote_simple_list(T, do_quote(H, Q), Q);
@@ -195,8 +204,11 @@ do_escape(Other, _) ->
 
 bad_escape(Arg) ->
   argument_error(<<"cannot escape ", ('Elixir.Kernel':inspect(Arg, []))/binary, ". ",
-                   "The supported values are: lists, tuples, maps, atoms, numbers, bitstrings, ",
-                   "PIDs and remote functions in the format &Mod.fun/arity">>).
+                   (bad_escape_hint())/binary>>).
+
+bad_escape_hint() ->
+  <<"The supported values are: lists, tuples, maps, atoms, numbers, bitstrings, ",
+    "PIDs and remote functions in the format &Mod.fun/arity">>.
 
 %% Quote entry points
 

lib/elixir/src/elixir_tokenizer.erl

@@ -818,9 +818,10 @@ handle_strings(T, Line, Column, H, Scope, Tokens) ->
       NewScope =
         case H of
           $' ->
-            Message = "single-quoted strings represent charlists. "
+            Message = "using single-quoted strings to represent charlists is deprecated.\n"
               "Use ~c\"\" if you indeed want a charlist or use \"\" instead.\n"
-              "You may run \"mix format --migrate\" to fix this warning automatically.",
+              "You may run \"mix format --migrate\" to change all single-quoted\n"
+              "strings to use the ~c sigil and fix this warning.",
             prepend_warning(Line, Column-1, Message, InterScope);
 
           _ ->
@@ -1762,84 +1763,81 @@ add_cursor(_Line, Column, noprune, Terminators, Tokens) ->
   {Column, Terminators, Tokens};
 add_cursor(Line, Column, prune_and_cursor, Terminators, Tokens) ->
   PrePrunedTokens = prune_identifier(Tokens),
-  {PrunedTokens, PrunedTerminators} = prune_tokens(PrePrunedTokens, [], Terminators),
+  PrunedTokens = prune_tokens(PrePrunedTokens, []),
   CursorTokens = [
     {')', {Line, Column + 11, nil}},
     {'(', {Line, Column + 10, nil}},
     {paren_identifier, {Line, Column, nil}, '__cursor__'}
     | PrunedTokens
   ],
-  {Column + 12, PrunedTerminators, CursorTokens}.
+  {Column + 12, Terminators, CursorTokens}.
 
 prune_identifier([{identifier, _, _} | Tokens]) -> Tokens;
 prune_identifier(Tokens) -> Tokens.
 
 %%% Any terminator needs to be closed
-prune_tokens([{'end', _} | Tokens], Opener, Terminators) ->
-  prune_tokens(Tokens, ['end' | Opener], Terminators);
-prune_tokens([{')', _} | Tokens], Opener, Terminators) ->
-  prune_tokens(Tokens, [')' | Opener], Terminators);
-prune_tokens([{']', _} | Tokens], Opener, Terminators) ->
-  prune_tokens(Tokens, [']' | Opener], Terminators);
-prune_tokens([{'}', _} | Tokens], Opener, Terminators) ->
-  prune_tokens(Tokens, ['}' | Opener], Terminators);
-prune_tokens([{'>>', _} | Tokens], Opener, Terminators) ->
-  prune_tokens(Tokens, ['>>' | Opener], Terminators);
+prune_tokens([{'end', _} | Tokens], Opener) ->
+  prune_tokens(Tokens, ['end' | Opener]);
+prune_tokens([{')', _} | Tokens], Opener) ->
+  prune_tokens(Tokens, [')' | Opener]);
+prune_tokens([{']', _} | Tokens], Opener) ->
+  prune_tokens(Tokens, [']' | Opener]);
+prune_tokens([{'}', _} | Tokens], Opener) ->
+  prune_tokens(Tokens, ['}' | Opener]);
+prune_tokens([{'>>', _} | Tokens], Opener) ->
+  prune_tokens(Tokens, ['>>' | Opener]);
 %%% Close opened terminators
-prune_tokens([{'fn', _} | Tokens], ['end' | Opener], Terminators) ->
-  prune_tokens(Tokens, Opener, Terminators);
-prune_tokens([{'do', _} | Tokens], ['end' | Opener], Terminators) ->
-  prune_tokens(Tokens, Opener, Terminators);
-prune_tokens([{'(', _} | Tokens], [')' | Opener], Terminators) ->
-  prune_tokens(Tokens, Opener, Terminators);
-prune_tokens([{'[', _} | Tokens], [']' | Opener], Terminators) ->
-  prune_tokens(Tokens, Opener, Terminators);
-prune_tokens([{'{', _} | Tokens], ['}' | Opener], Terminators) ->
-  prune_tokens(Tokens, Opener, Terminators);
-prune_tokens([{'<<', _} | Tokens], ['>>' | Opener], Terminators) ->
-  prune_tokens(Tokens, Opener, Terminators);
-%%% Handle anonymous functions
-prune_tokens([{'(', _}, {capture_op, _, _} | Tokens], [], [{'(', _, _} | Terminators]) ->
-  prune_tokens(Tokens, [], Terminators);
+prune_tokens([{'fn', _} | Tokens], ['end' | Opener]) ->
+  prune_tokens(Tokens, Opener);
+prune_tokens([{'do', _} | Tokens], ['end' | Opener]) ->
+  prune_tokens(Tokens, Opener);
+prune_tokens([{'(', _} | Tokens], [')' | Opener]) ->
+  prune_tokens(Tokens, Opener);
+prune_tokens([{'[', _} | Tokens], [']' | Opener]) ->
+  prune_tokens(Tokens, Opener);
+prune_tokens([{'{', _} | Tokens], ['}' | Opener]) ->
+  prune_tokens(Tokens, Opener);
+prune_tokens([{'<<', _} | Tokens], ['>>' | Opener]) ->
+  prune_tokens(Tokens, Opener);
 %%% or it is time to stop...
-prune_tokens([{';', _} | _] = Tokens, [], Terminators) ->
-  {Tokens, Terminators};
-prune_tokens([{'eol', _} | _] = Tokens, [], Terminators) ->
-  {Tokens, Terminators};
-prune_tokens([{',', _} | _] = Tokens, [], Terminators) ->
-  {Tokens, Terminators};
-prune_tokens([{'fn', _} | _] = Tokens, [], Terminators) ->
-  {Tokens, Terminators};
-prune_tokens([{'do', _} | _] = Tokens, [], Terminators) ->
-  {Tokens, Terminators};
-prune_tokens([{'(', _} | _] = Tokens, [], Terminators) ->
-  {Tokens, Terminators};
-prune_tokens([{'[', _} | _] = Tokens, [], Terminators) ->
-  {Tokens, Terminators};
-prune_tokens([{'{', _} | _] = Tokens, [], Terminators) ->
-  {Tokens, Terminators};
-prune_tokens([{'<<', _} | _] = Tokens, [], Terminators) ->
-  {Tokens, Terminators};
-prune_tokens([{identifier, _, _} | _] = Tokens, [], Terminators) ->
-  {Tokens, Terminators};
-prune_tokens([{block_identifier, _, _} | _] = Tokens, [], Terminators) ->
-  {Tokens, Terminators};
-prune_tokens([{kw_identifier, _, _} | _] = Tokens, [], Terminators) ->
-  {Tokens, Terminators};
-prune_tokens([{kw_identifier_safe, _, _} | _] = Tokens, [], Terminators) ->
-  {Tokens, Terminators};
-prune_tokens([{kw_identifier_unsafe, _, _} | _] = Tokens, [], Terminators) ->
-  {Tokens, Terminators};
-prune_tokens([{OpType, _, _} | _] = Tokens, [], Terminators)
+prune_tokens([{';', _} | _] = Tokens, []) ->
+  Tokens;
+prune_tokens([{'eol', _} | _] = Tokens, []) ->
+  Tokens;
+prune_tokens([{',', _} | _] = Tokens, []) ->
+  Tokens;
+prune_tokens([{'fn', _} | _] = Tokens, []) ->
+  Tokens;
+prune_tokens([{'do', _} | _] = Tokens, []) ->
+  Tokens;
+prune_tokens([{'(', _} | _] = Tokens, []) ->
+  Tokens;
+prune_tokens([{'[', _} | _] = Tokens, []) ->
+  Tokens;
+prune_tokens([{'{', _} | _] = Tokens, []) ->
+  Tokens;
+prune_tokens([{'<<', _} | _] = Tokens, []) ->
+  Tokens;
+prune_tokens([{identifier, _, _} | _] = Tokens, []) ->
+  Tokens;
+prune_tokens([{block_identifier, _, _} | _] = Tokens, []) ->
+  Tokens;
+prune_tokens([{kw_identifier, _, _} | _] = Tokens, []) ->
+  Tokens;
+prune_tokens([{kw_identifier_safe, _, _} | _] = Tokens, []) ->
+  Tokens;
+prune_tokens([{kw_identifier_unsafe, _, _} | _] = Tokens, []) ->
+  Tokens;
+prune_tokens([{OpType, _, _} | _] = Tokens, [])
   when OpType =:= comp_op; OpType =:= at_op; OpType =:= unary_op; OpType =:= and_op;
        OpType =:= or_op; OpType =:= arrow_op; OpType =:= match_op; OpType =:= in_op;
        OpType =:= in_match_op; OpType =:= type_op; OpType =:= dual_op; OpType =:= mult_op;
        OpType =:= power_op; OpType =:= concat_op; OpType =:= range_op; OpType =:= xor_op;
        OpType =:= pipe_op; OpType =:= stab_op; OpType =:= when_op; OpType =:= assoc_op;
        OpType =:= rel_op; OpType =:= ternary_op; OpType =:= capture_op; OpType =:= ellipsis_op ->
-  {Tokens, Terminators};
+  Tokens;
 %%% or we traverse until the end.
-prune_tokens([_ | Tokens], Opener, Terminators) ->
-  prune_tokens(Tokens, Opener, Terminators);
-prune_tokens([], [], Terminators) ->
-  {[], Terminators}.
+prune_tokens([_ | Tokens], Opener) ->
+  prune_tokens(Tokens, Opener);
+prune_tokens([], _Opener) ->
+  [].

lib/elixir/test/elixir/code_fragment_test.exs

@@ -1315,9 +1315,15 @@ defmodule CodeFragmentTest do
       assert cc2q!("(fn x ->", trailing_fragment: ":ok end)") ==
                s2q!("(fn x -> __cursor__() end)")
 
-      assert cc2q!("(fn x ->", trailing_fragment: ":ok end)") ==
+      assert cc2q!("(fn x ->", trailing_fragment: "\n:ok end)") ==
                s2q!("(fn x -> __cursor__() end)")
 
+      assert cc2q!("(fn x when ", trailing_fragment: "-> :ok end)") ==
+               s2q!("(fn x when __cursor__() -> :ok end)")
+
+      assert cc2q!("(fn x when ", trailing_fragment: "->\n:ok end)") ==
+               s2q!("(fn x when __cursor__() -> :ok end)")
+
       assert cc2q!("(fn") == s2q!("(__cursor__())")
       assert cc2q!("(fn x") == s2q!("(__cursor__())")
       assert cc2q!("(fn x,") == s2q!("(__cursor__())")
@@ -1327,6 +1333,26 @@ defmodule CodeFragmentTest do
       assert cc2q!("(fn x, y -> x + y end") == s2q!("(__cursor__())")
     end
 
+    test "do -> end" do
+      assert cc2q!("if do\nx ->\n", trailing_fragment: "y\nz ->\nw\nend") ==
+               s2q!("if do\nx ->\n__cursor__()\nz -> \nw\nend")
+
+      assert cc2q!("if do\nx ->\ny", trailing_fragment: "\nz ->\nw\nend") ==
+               s2q!("if do\nx ->\n__cursor__()\nz -> \nw\nend")
+
+      assert cc2q!("if do\nx ->\ny\n", trailing_fragment: "\nz ->\nw\nend") ==
+               s2q!("if do\nx ->\ny\n__cursor__()\nz -> \nw\nend")
+
+      assert cc2q!("for x <- [], reduce: %{} do\ny, ", trailing_fragment: "-> :ok\nend") ==
+               s2q!("for x <- [], reduce: %{} do\ny, __cursor__() -> :ok\nend")
+
+      assert cc2q!("for x <- [], reduce: %{} do\ny, z when ", trailing_fragment: "-> :ok\nend") ==
+               s2q!("for x <- [], reduce: %{} do\ny, z when __cursor__() -> :ok\nend")
+
+      assert cc2q!("case do\na -> a\nb = ", trailing_fragment: "c -> c\nend") ==
+               s2q!("case do\na -> a\nb = __cursor__() -> c\nend")
+    end
+
     test "removes tokens until opening" do
       assert cc2q!("(123") == s2q!("(__cursor__())")
       assert cc2q!("[foo") == s2q!("[__cursor__()]")

lib/elixir/test/elixir/enum_test.exs

@@ -1517,6 +1517,18 @@ defmodule EnumTest do
     assert Enum.zip([], []) == []
   end
 
+  test "zip/2 with infinite streams" do
+    assert Enum.zip([], Stream.cycle([1, 2])) == []
+    assert Enum.zip([], Stream.cycle(1..2)) == []
+    assert Enum.zip(.., Stream.cycle([1, 2])) == []
+    assert Enum.zip(.., Stream.cycle(1..2)) == []
+
+    assert Enum.zip(Stream.cycle([1, 2]), ..) == []
+    assert Enum.zip(Stream.cycle(1..2), ..) == []
+    assert Enum.zip(Stream.cycle([1, 2]), ..) == []
+    assert Enum.zip(Stream.cycle(1..2), ..) == []
+  end
+
   test "zip/1" do
     assert Enum.zip([[:a, :b], [1, 2], ["foo", "bar"]]) == [{:a, 1, "foo"}, {:b, 2, "bar"}]
 

lib/elixir/test/elixir/exception_test.exs

@@ -46,6 +46,12 @@ defmodule ExceptionTest do
                {:io, :put_chars, [self(), <<222>>],
                 [error_info: %{module: __MODULE__, function: :dummy_error_extras}]}
              ])
+
+    assert %ErlangError{original: {:failed_load_cacerts, :enoent}, reason: ": this is chardata"} =
+             Exception.normalize(:error, {:failed_load_cacerts, :enoent}, [
+               {:pubkey_os_cacerts, :get, 0,
+                [error_info: %{module: __MODULE__, function: :dummy_error_chardata}]}
+             ])
   end
 
   test "format/2 without stacktrace" do
@@ -1026,4 +1032,8 @@ defmodule ExceptionTest do
   end
 
   def dummy_error_extras(_exception, _stacktrace), do: %{general: "foo"}
+
+  def dummy_error_chardata(_exception, _stacktrace) do
+    %{general: ~c"this is " ++ [~c"chardata"], reason: ~c"this " ++ [~c"too"]}
+  end
 end

lib/elixir/test/elixir/fixtures/dialyzer/protocol_opaque.ex

@@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
-defmodule Dialyzer.ProtocolOpaque do
-  def circus() do
-    duck = Dialyzer.ProtocolOpaque.Duck.new()
-    Dialyzer.ProtocolOpaque.Entity.speak(duck)
-  end
-end
-
-defprotocol Dialyzer.ProtocolOpaque.Entity do
-  @fallback_to_any true
-  def speak(entity)
-end
-
-defmodule Dialyzer.ProtocolOpaque.Duck do
-  @opaque t :: %__MODULE__{feathers: :white_and_grey}
-  defstruct feathers: :white_and_grey
-
-  @spec new :: t
-  def new(), do: %__MODULE__{}
-
-  defimpl Dialyzer.ProtocolOpaque.Entity do
-    def speak(%Dialyzer.ProtocolOpaque.Duck{}), do: "Quack!"
-  end
-end
-
-defimpl Dialyzer.ProtocolOpaque.Entity, for: Any do
-  def speak(_any) do
-    "I can be anything"
-  end
-end

lib/elixir/test/elixir/inspect_test.exs

@@ -278,10 +278,15 @@ defmodule Inspect.ListTest do
 
   test "printable limit" do
     assert inspect(~c"hello world", printable_limit: 4) == ~s(~c"hell" ++ ...)
+    assert inspect(~c"hello", printable_limit: :infinity) == ~s(~c"hello")
     # Non printable characters after the limit don't matter
     assert inspect(~c"hello world" ++ [0], printable_limit: 4) == ~s(~c"hell" ++ ...)
     # Non printable strings aren't affected by printable limit
     assert inspect([0, 1, 2, 3, 4], printable_limit: 3) == ~s([0, 1, 2, 3, 4])
+    # Ensure a non-printable value after limit does not crash
+    assert inspect(~c"hello world" ++ [nil], printable_limit: 4) == ~s(~c"hell" ++ ...)
+    # Ensure a non-printable value after default limit does not hang
+    assert String.ends_with?(inspect(List.duplicate(?a, 5000) ++ [nil]), "\" ++ ...")
   end
 
   test "keyword" do
@@ -306,10 +311,20 @@ defmodule Inspect.ListTest do
     assert inspect([0], charlists: :infer) == "[0]"
   end
 
-  test "opt as strings" do
+  test "opt as charlists" do
     assert inspect(~c"john" ++ [0] ++ ~c"doe", charlists: :as_charlists) == ~s(~c"john\\0doe")
     assert inspect(~c"john", charlists: :as_charlists) == ~s(~c"john")
     assert inspect([0], charlists: :as_charlists) == ~s(~c"\\0")
+    assert inspect([nil], charlists: :as_charlists) == "[nil]"
+    assert inspect([0xD800], charlists: :as_charlists) == "[55296]"
+    assert inspect([1_114_112], charlists: :as_charlists) == "[1114112]"
+    assert inspect([[?a]], charlists: :as_charlists) == ~s([~c"a"])
+
+    assert inspect([?a, ?b, ?c | nil], charlists: :as_charlists, printable_limit: 4) ==
+             "[97, 98, 99 | nil]"
+
+    assert inspect([?a, ?b, ?c | nil], charlists: :as_charlists, printable_limit: 3) ==
+             ~s(~c"abc" ++ ...)
   end
 
   test "opt as lists" do

lib/elixir/test/elixir/json_test.exs

@@ -33,8 +33,8 @@ defmodule JSONTest do
     end
 
     test "maps" do
-      assert JSON.encode!(%{1 => 2, 3.0 => 4.0, key: :bar}) ==
-               "{\"1\":2,\"3.0\":4.0,\"key\":\"bar\"}"
+      assert JSON.encode!(%{1 => 2, 3.0 => 4.0, ~c"list" => ~c"list", key: :bar}) ==
+               "{\"1\":2,\"3.0\":4.0,\"key\":\"bar\",\"list\":[108,105,115,116]}"
     end
 
     test "lists" do
@@ -80,8 +80,8 @@ defmodule JSONTest do
     end
 
     test "maps" do
-      assert protocol_encode(%{1 => 2, 3.0 => 4.0, key: :bar}) ==
-               "{\"1\":2,\"3.0\":4.0,\"key\":\"bar\"}"
+      assert protocol_encode(%{1 => 2, 3.0 => 4.0, ~c"list" => ~c"list", key: :bar}) ==
+               "{\"1\":2,\"3.0\":4.0,\"key\":\"bar\",\"list\":[108,105,115,116]}"
     end
 
     test "lists" do

lib/elixir/test/elixir/kernel/cli_test.exs

@@ -64,9 +64,7 @@ end
 test_parameters =
   if(PathHelpers.windows?(),
     do: [%{cli_extension: ".bat"}],
-    else:
-      [%{cli_extension: ""}] ++
-        if(System.find_executable("pwsh"), do: [%{cli_extension: ".ps1"}], else: [])
+    else: [%{cli_extension: ""}]
   )
 
 defmodule Kernel.CLI.ExecutableTest do

lib/elixir/test/elixir/kernel/dialyzer_test.exs

@@ -119,23 +119,6 @@ defmodule Kernel.DialyzerTest do
     assert_dialyze_no_warnings!(context)
   end
 
-  @tag warnings: [:specdiffs]
-  test "no warnings on protocol calls with opaque types", context do
-    alias Dialyzer.ProtocolOpaque
-
-    copy_beam!(context, ProtocolOpaque)
-    copy_beam!(context, ProtocolOpaque.Entity)
-    copy_beam!(context, ProtocolOpaque.Entity.Any)
-    copy_beam!(context, ProtocolOpaque.Duck)
-    assert_dialyze_no_warnings!(context)
-
-    # Also ensure no warnings after consolidation.
-    Code.prepend_path(context.base_dir)
-    {:ok, binary} = Protocol.consolidate(ProtocolOpaque.Entity, [ProtocolOpaque.Duck, Any])
-    File.write!(Path.join(context.outdir, "#{ProtocolOpaque.Entity}.beam"), binary)
-    assert_dialyze_no_warnings!(context)
-  end
-
   test "no warnings on and/2 and or/2", context do
     copy_beam!(context, Dialyzer.BooleanCheck)
     assert_dialyze_no_warnings!(context)

lib/elixir/test/elixir/kernel/expansion_test.exs

@@ -1203,6 +1203,11 @@ defmodule Kernel.ExpansionTest do
                 [{:->, [{:line, 1}], [[{:capture, [line: 1], nil}], {:capture, [line: 1], nil}]}]}
     end
 
+    test "removes no_parens when expanding 0-arity capture to fn" do
+      assert expand(quote(do: &foo().bar/0)) ==
+               quote(do: fn -> foo().bar() end)
+    end
+
     test "expands remotes" do
       assert expand(quote(do: &List.flatten/2)) ==
                quote(do: &:"Elixir.List".flatten/2)

lib/elixir/test/elixir/kernel/fn_test.exs

@@ -95,6 +95,12 @@ defmodule Kernel.FnTest do
     assert (&mod.flatten/1) == (&List.flatten/1)
   end
 
+  test "capture with module from local call" do
+    assert (&math_mod().pi/0).() == :math.pi()
+  end
+
+  defp math_mod, do: :math
+
   test "local partial application" do
     assert (&atb(&1, :utf8)).(:a) == "a"
     assert (&atb(List.to_atom(&1), :utf8)).(~c"a") == "a"

lib/elixir/test/elixir/kernel/lexical_tracker_test.exs

@@ -517,5 +517,55 @@ defmodule Kernel.LexicalTrackerTest do
       refute URI in exports
       refute URI in runtime
     end
+
+    test "imported functions from quote adds dependencies" do
+      {{compile, exports, runtime, _}, _binding} =
+        Code.eval_string("""
+        defmodule Kernel.LexicalTrackerTest.QuotedFun do
+          import URI
+
+          defmacro parse_root() do
+            quote do
+              parse("/")
+            end
+          end
+        end
+
+        defmodule Kernel.LexicalTrackerTest.UsingQuotedFun do
+          require Kernel.LexicalTrackerTest.QuotedFun, as: QF
+          QF.parse_root()
+          Kernel.LexicalTracker.references(__ENV__.lexical_tracker)
+        end |> elem(3)
+        """)
+
+      assert URI in compile
+      refute URI in exports
+      refute URI in runtime
+    end
+
+    test "imported macro from quote adds dependencies" do
+      {{compile, exports, runtime, _}, _binding} =
+        Code.eval_string("""
+        defmodule Kernel.LexicalTrackerTest.QuotedMacro do
+          import Config
+
+          defmacro config_env() do
+            quote do
+              config_env()
+            end
+          end
+        end
+
+        defmodule Kernel.LexicalTrackerTest.UsingQuotedMacro do
+          require Kernel.LexicalTrackerTest.QuotedMacro, as: QM
+          def fun(), do: QM.config_env()
+          Kernel.LexicalTracker.references(__ENV__.lexical_tracker)
+        end |> elem(3)
+        """)
+
+      assert Config in compile
+      refute Config in exports
+      refute Config in runtime
+    end
   end
 end

lib/elixir/test/elixir/kernel/parallel_compiler_test.exs

@@ -421,40 +421,6 @@ defmodule Kernel.ParallelCompilerTest do
       end)
     end
 
-    test "supports warnings as errors" do
-      [fixture] =
-        write_tmp(
-          "warnings_as_errors",
-          warnings_as_errors: """
-          defmodule WarningsSample do
-            def hello(a), do: a
-            def hello(b), do: b
-          end
-          """
-        )
-
-      output = tmp_path("not_to_be_used")
-
-      try do
-        msg =
-          capture_io(:stderr, fn ->
-            assert {:error, [error], []} =
-                     Kernel.ParallelCompiler.compile_to_path([fixture], output,
-                       warnings_as_errors: true
-                     )
-
-            assert {^fixture, {3, 7}, "this clause " <> _} = error
-          end)
-
-        assert msg =~
-                 "Compilation failed due to warnings while using the --warnings-as-errors option\n"
-      after
-        purge([WarningsSample])
-      end
-
-      refute File.exists?(output)
-    end
-
     test "does not use incorrect line number when error originates in another file" do
       File.mkdir_p!(tmp_path())
 
@@ -587,33 +553,5 @@ defmodule Kernel.ParallelCompilerTest do
                         "cannot compile module WithBehaviourAndStruct (errors have been logged)"
              end) =~ expected_msg
     end
-
-    test "supports warnings as errors" do
-      [fixture] =
-        write_tmp(
-          "warnings_as_errors",
-          warnings_as_errors: """
-          defmodule WarningsSample do
-            def hello(a), do: a
-            def hello(b), do: b
-          end
-          """
-        )
-
-      try do
-        msg =
-          capture_io(:stderr, fn ->
-            assert {:error, [error], []} =
-                     Kernel.ParallelCompiler.require([fixture], warnings_as_errors: true)
-
-            assert {^fixture, {3, 7}, "this clause " <> _} = error
-          end)
-
-        assert msg =~
-                 "Compilation failed due to warnings while using the --warnings-as-errors option\n"
-      after
-        purge([WarningsSample])
-      end
-    end
   end
 end

lib/elixir/test/elixir/kernel/tracers_test.exs

@@ -10,11 +10,15 @@ defmodule Kernel.TracersTest do
   end
 
   def trace(event, %Macro.Env{} = env) do
-    send(self(), {event, env})
+    for {pid, _} <- Registry.lookup(__MODULE__, :tracers) do
+      send(pid, {event, env})
+    end
+
     :ok
   end
 
   setup_all do
+    start_supervised!({Registry, keys: :duplicate, name: __MODULE__})
     Code.put_compiler_option(:tracers, [__MODULE__])
 
     on_exit(fn ->
@@ -22,6 +26,11 @@ defmodule Kernel.TracersTest do
     end)
   end
 
+  setup do
+    Registry.register(__MODULE__, :tracers, :unused)
+    :ok
+  end
+
   test "traces start and stop" do
     compile_string("""
     Foo
@@ -255,7 +264,7 @@ defmodule Kernel.TracersTest do
     assert meta[:from_brackets]
 
     compile_string("""
-    defmodule Foo do
+    defmodule TracerBracketAccess do
       @foo %{bar: 3}
       def a() do
         @foo[:bar]
@@ -274,6 +283,75 @@ defmodule Kernel.TracersTest do
     assert meta[:from_brackets]
   end
 
+  test "traces on_load" do
+    compile_string("""
+    defmodule TracerOnLoad do
+      @on_load :init
+      def init, do: :ok
+    end
+    """)
+
+    assert_received {{:local_function, meta, :init, 0}, _}
+    assert meta[:line] == 1
+  end
+
+  def __before_compile__(_), do: :ok
+  def __after_compile__(_, _), do: :ok
+  def __after_verify__(_), do: :ok
+  def __on_definition__(_, _, _, _, _, _), do: :ok
+
+  test "traces compile time attributes" do
+    compile_string("""
+    defmodule TracerCompileAttributes do
+      @before_compile Kernel.TracersTest
+      @after_compile Kernel.TracersTest
+      @on_definition Kernel.TracersTest
+      @after_verify Kernel.TracersTest
+      def hello, do: :world
+    end
+    """)
+
+    assert_received {{:remote_function, meta, __MODULE__, :__before_compile__, 1}, _}
+    assert meta[:line] == 1
+
+    assert_received {{:remote_function, meta, __MODULE__, :__after_compile__, 2}, _}
+    assert meta[:line] == 1
+
+    assert_received {{:remote_function, meta, __MODULE__, :__after_verify__, 1}, _}
+    assert meta[:line] == 1
+
+    assert_received {{:remote_function, meta, __MODULE__, :__on_definition__, 6}, _}
+    assert meta[:line] == 6
+  end
+
+  test "traces super" do
+    compile_string("""
+    defmodule TracerOverridable do
+      def local(x), do: x
+      defoverridable [local: 1]
+      def local(x), do: super(x)
+
+      defmacro macro(x), do: x
+      defoverridable [macro: 1]
+      defmacro macro(x), do: super(x)
+
+      def capture(x), do: x
+      defoverridable [capture: 1]
+      def capture(x), do: tap(x, &super/1)
+
+      def capture_arg(x), do: x
+      defoverridable [capture_arg: 1]
+      def capture_arg(x), do: tap(x, &super(&1))
+    end
+    """)
+
+    assert_received {{:local_function, _, :"local (overridable 1)", 1}, _}
+    assert_received {{:local_function, _, :"macro (overridable 1)", 1}, _}
+    assert_received {{:local_function, _, :"capture (overridable 1)", 1}, _}
+    assert_received {{:local_function, _, :"capture_arg (overridable 1)", 1}, _}
+    refute_received {{:local_function, _, _, _}, _}
+  end
+
   test "does not trace bind quoted twice" do
     compile_string("""
     quote bind_quoted: [foo: List.flatten([])] do

lib/elixir/test/elixir/kernel_test.exs

@@ -205,6 +205,10 @@ defmodule KernelTest do
 
   defmodule User do
     assert is_map(defstruct name: "john")
+    # Ensure we keep the line information around.
+    # It is important for debugging tools, ExDoc, etc.
+    {:v1, :def, anno, _clauses} = Module.get_definition(__MODULE__, {:__struct__, 1})
+    anno[:line] == __ENV__.line - 4
   end
 
   test "struct/1 and struct/2" do

lib/elixir/test/elixir/list_test.exs

@@ -327,6 +327,12 @@ defmodule ListTest do
     assert_raise ArgumentError, ~r"cannot convert the given list to a string", fn ->
       List.to_string([:a, :b])
     end
+
+    invalid = List.duplicate(?a, 4096) ++ [nil]
+
+    assert_raise ArgumentError, ~r/got:\n\n\[97, 97, .*\.\.\.\]\n\z/s, fn ->
+      List.to_string(invalid)
+    end
   end
 
   test "to_charlist/1" do
@@ -345,6 +351,12 @@ defmodule ListTest do
     assert_raise ArgumentError, ~r"cannot convert the given list to a charlist", fn ->
       List.to_charlist([:a, :b])
     end
+
+    invalid = List.duplicate(?a, 4096) ++ [nil]
+
+    assert_raise ArgumentError, ~r/got:\n\n\[97, 97, .*\.\.\.\]\n\z/s, fn ->
+      List.to_charlist(invalid)
+    end
   end
 
   describe "myers_difference/2" do

lib/elixir/test/elixir/macro_test.exs

@@ -136,6 +136,12 @@ defmodule MacroTest do
     test "does not add context to quote" do
       assert Macro.escape({:quote, [], [[do: :foo]]}) == {:{}, [], [:quote, [], [[do: :foo]]]}
     end
+
+    test "inspects container when a reference cannot be escaped" do
+      assert_raise ArgumentError, ~r"~r/foo/ contains a reference", fn ->
+        Macro.escape(%{~r/foo/ | re_pattern: make_ref()})
+      end
+    end
   end
 
   describe "expand_once/2" do

lib/elixir/test/elixir/map_test.exs

@@ -395,6 +395,15 @@ defmodule MapTest do
     assert quoted == {:%, [], [User, {:%{}, [], [{:foo, 1}]}]}
   end
 
+  test "structs with bitstring defaults" do
+    defmodule WithBitstring do
+      defstruct bitstring: <<255, 127::7>>
+    end
+
+    info = Macro.struct_info!(WithBitstring, __ENV__)
+    assert info == [%{default: <<255, 127::7>>, field: :bitstring}]
+  end
+
   test "defstruct can only be used once in a module" do
     message =
       "defstruct has already been called for TestMod, " <>

lib/elixir/test/elixir/module/types/descr_test.exs

@@ -101,6 +101,46 @@ defmodule Module.Types.DescrTest do
       assert union(difference(list(term()), list(integer())), list(integer()))
              |> equal?(list(term()))
     end
+
+    test "optimizations" do
+      # The tests are checking the actual implementation, not the semantics.
+      # This is why we are using structural comparisons.
+      # It's fine to remove these if the implementation changes, but breaking
+      # these might have an important impact on compile times.
+
+      # Optimization one: same tags, all but one key are structurally equal
+      assert union(
+               open_map(a: float(), b: atom()),
+               open_map(a: integer(), b: atom())
+             ) == open_map(a: union(float(), integer()), b: atom())
+
+      assert union(
+               closed_map(a: float(), b: atom()),
+               closed_map(a: integer(), b: atom())
+             ) == closed_map(a: union(float(), integer()), b: atom())
+
+      # Optimization two: we can tell that one map is a trivial subtype of the other:
+
+      assert union(
+               closed_map(a: term(), b: term()),
+               closed_map(a: float(), b: binary())
+             ) == closed_map(a: term(), b: term())
+
+      assert union(
+               open_map(a: term()),
+               closed_map(a: float(), b: binary())
+             ) == open_map(a: term())
+
+      assert union(
+               closed_map(a: float(), b: binary()),
+               open_map(a: term())
+             ) == open_map(a: term())
+
+      assert union(
+               closed_map(a: term(), b: tuple([term(), term()])),
+               closed_map(a: float(), b: tuple([atom(), binary()]))
+             ) == closed_map(a: term(), b: tuple([term(), term()]))
+    end
   end
 
   describe "intersection" do
@@ -163,6 +203,9 @@ defmodule Module.Types.DescrTest do
       assert intersection(closed_map(a: integer()), open_map(b: not_set())) ==
                closed_map(a: integer())
 
+      assert intersection(closed_map(a: integer()), open_map(b: if_set(integer()))) ==
+               closed_map(a: integer())
+
       assert equal?(
                intersection(closed_map(a: integer()), closed_map(a: if_set(integer()))),
                closed_map(a: integer())

lib/elixir/test/elixir/module/types/expr_test.exs

@@ -243,6 +243,35 @@ defmodule Module.Types.ExprTest do
                """
     end
 
+    test "calling a function with invalid arguments on variables" do
+      assert typeerror!(
+               (
+                 x = List
+                 x.to_tuple(123)
+               )
+             )
+             |> strip_ansi() ==
+               ~l"""
+               incompatible types given to List.to_tuple/1:
+
+                   x.to_tuple(123)
+
+               given types:
+
+                   integer()
+
+               but expected one of:
+
+                   list(term())
+
+               where "x" was given the type:
+
+                   # type: List
+                   # from: types_test.ex:LINE-5
+                   x = List
+               """
+    end
+
     test "capture a function with non atoms" do
       assert typeerror!([<<x::integer>>], &x.foo_bar/2) ==
                ~l"""
@@ -831,7 +860,11 @@ defmodule Module.Types.ExprTest do
     test "in dynamic mode" do
       assert typedyn!([x = 123, y = 456.0], x < y) == dynamic(boolean())
       assert typedyn!([x = 123, y = 456.0], x == y) == dynamic(boolean())
-      assert typedyn!(123 == 456) == boolean()
+      assert typedyn!([x = 123, y = 456], x == y) == dynamic(boolean())
+    end
+
+    test "using literals" do
+      assert typecheck!(:foo == :bar) == boolean()
     end
 
     test "min/max" do
@@ -1031,6 +1064,15 @@ defmodule Module.Types.ExprTest do
   end
 
   describe "case" do
+    test "does not type check literals" do
+      assert typecheck!(
+               case :dev do
+                 :dev -> :ok
+                 :prod -> :error
+               end
+             ) == atom([:ok, :error])
+    end
+
     test "returns unions of all clauses" do
       assert typecheck!(
                [x],
@@ -1086,7 +1128,7 @@ defmodule Module.Types.ExprTest do
   end
 
   describe "conditionals" do
-    test "if does not report on literal atoms" do
+    test "if does not report on literals" do
       assert typecheck!(
                if true do
                  :ok
@@ -1094,15 +1136,15 @@ defmodule Module.Types.ExprTest do
              ) == atom([:ok, nil])
     end
 
-    test "and does not report on literal atoms" do
+    test "and does not report on literals" do
       assert typecheck!(false and true) == boolean()
     end
 
-    test "and reports on non-atom literals" do
-      assert typeerror!(1 and true) == ~l"""
+    test "and reports violations" do
+      assert typeerror!([x = 123], x and true) =~ """
              the following conditional expression will always evaluate to integer():
 
-                 1
+                 x
              """
     end
   end
@@ -1400,6 +1442,16 @@ defmodule Module.Types.ExprTest do
 
       assert typewarn!(:string.__info__(:functions)) ==
                {dynamic(), ":string.__info__/1 is undefined or private"}
+
+      assert typeerror!([x], x.__info__(:whatever)) |> strip_ansi() =~ """
+             incompatible types given to __info__/1:
+
+                 x.__info__(:whatever)
+
+             given types:
+
+                 :whatever
+             """
     end
 
     test "behaviour_info/1" do

lib/elixir/test/elixir/module/types/integration_test.exs

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ defmodule Module.Types.IntegrationTest do
         """
       }
 
-      modules = compile(files)
+      modules = compile_modules(files)
 
       assert [
                {{:c, 0}, %{}},
@@ -195,6 +195,118 @@ defmodule Module.Types.IntegrationTest do
 
       assert_warnings(files, warnings)
     end
+
+    test "unused generated private clauses" do
+      files = %{
+        "a.ex" => """
+        defmodule A do
+          use B
+          def public(x), do: private(List.to_tuple(x))
+        end
+        """,
+        "b.ex" => """
+        defmodule B do
+          defmacro __using__(_) do
+            quote generated: true do
+              defp private({:ok, ok}), do: ok
+              defp private(:error), do: :error
+            end
+          end
+        end
+        """
+      }
+
+      assert_no_warnings(files)
+    end
+
+    test "unused overridable private clauses" do
+      files = %{
+        "a.ex" => """
+        defmodule A do
+          use B
+          def public(x), do: private(x)
+          defp private(x), do: super(List.to_tuple(x))
+        end
+        """,
+        "b.ex" => """
+        defmodule B do
+          defmacro __using__(_) do
+            quote do
+              defp private({:ok, ok}), do: ok
+              defp private(:error), do: :error
+              defoverridable private: 1
+            end
+          end
+        end
+        """
+      }
+
+      assert_no_warnings(files)
+    end
+
+    test "incompatible default argument" do
+      files = %{
+        "a.ex" => """
+        defmodule A do
+          def ok(x = :ok \\\\ nil) do
+            x
+          end
+        end
+        """
+      }
+
+      warnings = [
+        ~S"""
+            warning: incompatible types given as default arguments to ok/1:
+
+                -nil-
+
+            but expected one of:
+
+                dynamic(:ok)
+
+            typing violation found at:
+            │
+          2 │   def ok(x = :ok \\ nil) do
+            │                  ~
+            │
+            └─ a.ex:2:18: A.ok/0
+        """
+      ]
+
+      assert_warnings(files, warnings)
+    end
+
+    test "returns diagnostics with source and file" do
+      files = %{
+        "a.ex" => """
+        defmodule A do
+          @file "generated.ex"
+          def fun(arg) do
+            :ok = List.to_tuple(arg)
+          end
+        end
+        """
+      }
+
+      {_modules, warnings} = with_compile_warnings(files)
+
+      assert [
+               %{
+                 message: "the following pattern will never match" <> _,
+                 file: file,
+                 source: source
+               }
+             ] = warnings.runtime_warnings
+
+      assert String.ends_with?(source, "a.ex")
+      assert Path.type(source) == :absolute
+      assert String.ends_with?(file, "generated.ex")
+      assert Path.type(file) == :absolute
+    after
+      :code.delete(A)
+      :code.purge(A)
+    end
   end
 
   describe "undefined warnings" do
@@ -932,26 +1044,39 @@ defmodule Module.Types.IntegrationTest do
   defp capture_compile_warnings(files) do
     in_tmp(fn ->
       paths = generate_files(files)
-      capture_io(:stderr, fn -> compile_files(paths) end)
+      capture_io(:stderr, fn -> compile_to_path(paths) end)
     end)
   end
 
-  defp compile(files) do
+  defp with_compile_warnings(files) do
     in_tmp(fn ->
       paths = generate_files(files)
-      compile_files(paths)
+      with_io(:stderr, fn -> compile_to_path(paths) end) |> elem(0)
     end)
   end
 
-  defp compile_files(paths) do
-    {:ok, modules, _warnings} = Kernel.ParallelCompiler.compile_to_path(paths, ".")
+  defp compile_modules(files) do
+    in_tmp(fn ->
+      paths = generate_files(files)
+      {modules, _warnings} = compile_to_path(paths)
 
-    Map.new(modules, fn module ->
-      {^module, binary, _filename} = :code.get_object_code(module)
+      Map.new(modules, fn module ->
+        {^module, binary, _filename} = :code.get_object_code(module)
+        {module, binary}
+      end)
+    end)
+  end
+
+  defp compile_to_path(paths) do
+    {:ok, modules, warnings} =
+      Kernel.ParallelCompiler.compile_to_path(paths, ".", return_diagnostics: true)
+
+    for module <- modules do
       :code.delete(module)
       :code.purge(module)
-      {module, binary}
-    end)
+    end
+
+    {modules, warnings}
   end
 
   defp generate_files(files) do

lib/elixir/test/elixir/module/types/pattern_test.exs

@@ -251,6 +251,10 @@ defmodule Module.Types.PatternTest do
       assert typecheck!([<<x::utf8>>], x) == integer()
     end
 
+    test "nested" do
+      assert typecheck!([<<0, <<x::bitstring>>::binary>>], x) == binary()
+    end
+
     test "error" do
       assert typeerror!([<<x::binary-size(2), x::float>>], x) == ~l"""
              incompatible types assigned to "x":

lib/elixir/test/elixir/option_parser_test.exs

@@ -428,10 +428,9 @@ end
 defmodule OptionsParserDeprecationsTest do
   use ExUnit.Case, async: true
 
-  @warning ~r[not passing the :switches or :strict option to OptionParser is deprecated]
-
   def assert_deprecated(fun) do
-    assert ExUnit.CaptureIO.capture_io(:stderr, fun) =~ @warning
+    assert ExUnit.CaptureIO.capture_io(:stderr, fun) =~
+             "not passing the :switches or :strict option to OptionParser is deprecated"
   end
 
   test "parses boolean option" do

lib/elixir/test/elixir/protocol_test.exs

@@ -106,15 +106,18 @@ defmodule ProtocolTest do
     assert Sample.impl_for(%ImplStruct{}) == Sample.ProtocolTest.ImplStruct
     assert Sample.impl_for(%ImplStructExplicitFor{}) == Sample.ProtocolTest.ImplStructExplicitFor
     assert Sample.impl_for(%NoImplStruct{}) == nil
+    assert is_nil(Sample.impl_for(%{__struct__: nil}))
   end
 
   test "protocol implementation with Any and struct fallbacks" do
     assert WithAny.impl_for(%NoImplStruct{}) == WithAny.Any
-    # Derived
-    assert WithAny.impl_for(%ImplStruct{}) == ProtocolTest.WithAny.ProtocolTest.ImplStruct
+    assert WithAny.impl_for(%{__struct__: nil}) == WithAny.Any
     assert WithAny.impl_for(%{__struct__: "foo"}) == WithAny.Map
     assert WithAny.impl_for(%{}) == WithAny.Map
     assert WithAny.impl_for(self()) == WithAny.Any
+
+    # Derived
+    assert WithAny.impl_for(%ImplStruct{}) == ProtocolTest.WithAny.ProtocolTest.ImplStruct
   end
 
   test "protocol not implemented" do

lib/elixir/test/elixir/regex_test.exs

@@ -3,41 +3,25 @@ Code.require_file("test_helper.exs", __DIR__)
 defmodule RegexTest do
   use ExUnit.Case, async: true
 
-  @re_21_3_little %Regex{
-    re_pattern:
-      {:re_pattern, 1, 0, 0,
-       <<69, 82, 67, 80, 94, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 17, 0, 0, 0, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255,
-         255, 99, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 64, 0, 6, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-         0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 102, 111, 111, 0, 131, 0, 20, 29, 99, 133,
-         0, 7, 0, 1, 29, 100, 119, 0, 5, 29, 101, 120, 0, 12, 120, 0, 20, 0>>},
-    re_version: {"8.42 2018-03-20", :little},
-    source: "c(?<foo>d|e)"
-  }
-
-  @re_21_3_big %Regex{
-    re_pattern:
-      {:re_pattern, 1, 0, 0,
-       <<80, 67, 82, 69, 0, 0, 0, 86, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 17, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255,
-         255, 0, 99, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 56, 0, 6, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-         0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 102, 111, 111, 0, 131, 0, 20, 29, 99, 133, 0, 7, 0, 1, 29, 100, 119,
-         0, 5, 29, 101, 120, 0, 12, 120, 0, 20, 0>>},
-    re_version: {"8.42 2018-03-20", :big},
-    source: "c(?<foo>d|e)"
-  }
-
-  @re_19_3_little %Regex{
-    re_pattern:
-      {:re_pattern, 1, 0, 0,
-       <<69, 82, 67, 80, 94, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 17, 0, 0, 0, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255,
-         255, 99, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 64, 0, 6, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-         0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 102, 111, 111, 0, 125, 0, 20, 29, 99, 127,
-         0, 7, 0, 1, 29, 100, 113, 0, 5, 29, 101, 114, 0, 12, 114, 0, 20, 0>>},
-    re_version: {"8.33 2013-05-29", :little},
-    source: "c(?<foo>d|e)"
-  }
-
   doctest Regex
 
+  if System.otp_release() >= "28" do
+    test "module attribute" do
+      defmodule ModAttr do
+        @regex ~r/example/
+        def regex, do: @regex
+
+        @bare_regex :erlang.term_to_binary(@regex)
+        def bare_regex, do: :erlang.binary_to_term(@bare_regex)
+
+        # We don't rewrite outside of functions
+        assert @regex.re_pattern == :erlang.binary_to_term(@bare_regex).re_pattern
+      end
+
+      assert ModAttr.regex().re_pattern != ModAttr.bare_regex().re_pattern
+    end
+  end
+
   test "multiline" do
     refute Regex.match?(~r/^b$/, "a\nb\nc")
     assert Regex.match?(~r/^b$/m, "a\nb\nc")
@@ -68,16 +52,9 @@ defmodule RegexTest do
   test "literal source" do
     assert Regex.source(Regex.compile!("foo")) == "foo"
     assert Regex.source(~r"foo") == "foo"
-    assert Regex.re_pattern(Regex.compile!("foo")) == Regex.re_pattern(~r"foo")
 
     assert Regex.source(Regex.compile!("\a\b\d\e\f\n\r\s\t\v")) == "\a\b\d\e\f\n\r\s\t\v"
     assert Regex.source(~r<\a\b\d\e\f\n\r\s\t\v>) == "\\a\\b\\d\\e\\f\\n\\r\\s\\t\\v"
-
-    assert Regex.re_pattern(Regex.compile!("\a\b\d\e\f\n\r\s\t\v")) ==
-             Regex.re_pattern(~r"\x07\x08\x7F\x1B\x0C\x0A\x0D\x20\x09\x0B")
-
-    assert Regex.re_pattern(Regex.compile!("\\a\\b\\d\e\f\\n\\r\\s\\t\\v")) ==
-             Regex.re_pattern(~r"\a\b\d\e\f\n\r\s\t\v")
   end
 
   test "Unicode" do
@@ -116,16 +93,6 @@ defmodule RegexTest do
     end
   end
 
-  test "recompile/1" do
-    new_regex = ~r/foo/
-    {:ok, %Regex{}} = Regex.recompile(new_regex)
-    assert %Regex{} = Regex.recompile!(new_regex)
-
-    old_regex = Map.delete(~r/foo/, :re_version)
-    {:ok, %Regex{}} = Regex.recompile(old_regex)
-    assert %Regex{} = Regex.recompile!(old_regex)
-  end
-
   test "opts/1" do
     assert Regex.opts(Regex.compile!("foo", "i")) == [:caseless]
     assert Regex.opts(Regex.compile!("foo", [:ucp])) == [:ucp]
@@ -179,16 +146,6 @@ defmodule RegexTest do
     assert Regex.run(~r"bar", "foobar", offset: 2, return: :index) == [{3, 3}]
   end
 
-  test "run/3 with regexes compiled in different systems" do
-    assert Regex.run(@re_21_3_little, "abcd abce", capture: :all_names) == ["d"]
-    assert Regex.run(@re_21_3_big, "abcd abce", capture: :all_names) == ["d"]
-    assert Regex.run(@re_19_3_little, "abcd abce", capture: :all_names) == ["d"]
-  end
-
-  test "run/3 with regexes with options compiled in different systems" do
-    assert Regex.run(%{~r/foo/i | re_version: "bad version"}, "FOO") == ["FOO"]
-  end
-
   test "scan/2" do
     assert Regex.scan(~r"c(d|e)", "abcd abce") == [["cd", "d"], ["ce", "e"]]
     assert Regex.scan(~r"c(?:d|e)", "abcd abce") == [["cd"], ["ce"]]
@@ -207,16 +164,6 @@ defmodule RegexTest do
     assert Regex.scan(~r"^foo", "foobar", offset: 1) == []
   end
 
-  test "scan/2 with regexes compiled in different systems" do
-    assert Regex.scan(@re_21_3_little, "abcd abce", capture: :all_names) == [["d"], ["e"]]
-    assert Regex.scan(@re_21_3_big, "abcd abce", capture: :all_names) == [["d"], ["e"]]
-    assert Regex.scan(@re_19_3_little, "abcd abce", capture: :all_names) == [["d"], ["e"]]
-  end
-
-  test "scan/2 with regexes with options compiled in different systems" do
-    assert Regex.scan(%{~r/foo/i | re_version: "bad version"}, "FOO") == [["FOO"]]
-  end
-
   test "split/2,3" do
     assert Regex.split(~r",", "") == [""]
     assert Regex.split(~r",", "", trim: true) == []

lib/elixir/test/elixir/typespec_test.exs

@@ -75,6 +75,14 @@ defmodule TypespecTest do
                        @type my_type :: %URI.t(){}
                      end
                    end
+
+      assert_raise Kernel.TypespecError,
+                   ~r"unexpected expression in typespec: t\.Foo",
+                   fn ->
+                     test_module do
+                       @type my_type :: t.Foo
+                     end
+                   end
     end
 
     test "invalid function specification" do
@@ -120,7 +128,7 @@ defmodule TypespecTest do
 
     test "redefined type" do
       assert_raise Kernel.TypespecError,
-                   ~r"type foo/0 is already defined in .*test/elixir/typespec_test.exs:126",
+                   ~r"type foo/0 is already defined in .*test/elixir/typespec_test.exs:134",
                    fn ->
                      test_module do
                        @type foo :: atom
@@ -129,7 +137,7 @@ defmodule TypespecTest do
                    end
 
       assert_raise Kernel.TypespecError,
-                   ~r"type foo/2 is already defined in .*test/elixir/typespec_test.exs:136",
+                   ~r"type foo/2 is already defined in .*test/elixir/typespec_test.exs:144",
                    fn ->
                      test_module do
                        @type foo :: atom
@@ -139,7 +147,7 @@ defmodule TypespecTest do
                    end
 
       assert_raise Kernel.TypespecError,
-                   ~r"type foo/0 is already defined in .*test/elixir/typespec_test.exs:145",
+                   ~r"type foo/0 is already defined in .*test/elixir/typespec_test.exs:153",
                    fn ->
                      test_module do
                        @type foo :: atom
@@ -385,6 +393,7 @@ defmodule TypespecTest do
           @type size :: <<_::3>>
           @type unit :: <<_::_*8>>
           @type size_and_unit :: <<_::3, _::_*8>>
+          @type size_prod_unit :: <<_::3*8>>
         end
 
       assert [
@@ -393,17 +402,15 @@ defmodule TypespecTest do
                type: {:size, {:type, _, :binary, [{:integer, _, 3}, {:integer, _, 0}]}, []},
                type:
                  {:size_and_unit, {:type, _, :binary, [{:integer, _, 3}, {:integer, _, 8}]}, []},
+               type:
+                 {:size_prod_unit,
+                  {:type, _, :binary,
+                   [{:op, _, :*, {:integer, _, 3}, {:integer, _, 8}}, {:integer, _, 0}]}, []},
                type: {:unit, {:type, _, :binary, [{:integer, _, 0}, {:integer, _, 8}]}, []}
              ] = types(bytecode)
     end
 
     test "@type with invalid binary spec" do
-      assert_raise Kernel.TypespecError, ~r"invalid binary specification", fn ->
-        test_module do
-          @type my_type :: <<_::3*8>>
-        end
-      end
-
       assert_raise Kernel.TypespecError, ~r"invalid binary specification", fn ->
         test_module do
           @type my_type :: <<_::atom()>>
@@ -841,6 +848,19 @@ defmodule TypespecTest do
       assert [{:atom, _, Keyword}, {:atom, _, :t}, [{:var, _, :value}]] = kw_with_value_args
     end
 
+    test "@type with macro in alias" do
+      bytecode =
+        test_module do
+          defmacro module() do
+            quote do: __MODULE__
+          end
+
+          @type my_type :: module().Foo
+        end
+
+      assert [type: {:my_type, {:atom, _, TypespecTest.TypespecSample.Foo}, []}] = types(bytecode)
+    end
+
     test "@type with a reserved signature" do
       assert_raise Kernel.TypespecError,
                    ~r"type required\/1 is a reserved type and it cannot be defined",
@@ -1196,6 +1216,7 @@ defmodule TypespecTest do
           quote(do: @type(binary_type1() :: <<_::_*8>>)),
           quote(do: @type(binary_type2() :: <<_::3>>)),
           quote(do: @type(binary_type3() :: <<_::3, _::_*8>>)),
+          quote(do: @type(binary_type4() :: <<_::3*8>>)),
           quote(do: @type(tuple_type() :: {integer()})),
           quote(do: @type(ftype() :: (-> any()) | (-> integer()) | (integer() -> integer()))),
           quote(do: @type(cl() :: charlist())),

lib/ex_unit/lib/ex_unit/assertions.ex

@@ -786,7 +786,7 @@ defmodule ExUnit.Assertions do
   ## Examples
 
       assert_raise ArithmeticError, "bad argument in arithmetic expression", fn ->
-        1 + "test"
+        1 / 0
       end
 
       assert_raise RuntimeError, ~r/^today's lucky number is 0\.\d+!$/, fn ->

lib/ex_unit/lib/ex_unit/case.ex

@@ -566,6 +566,10 @@ defmodule ExUnit.Case do
     group = Keyword.get(opts, :group, nil)
     parameterize = Keyword.get(opts, :parameterize, nil)
 
+    if not is_boolean(async?) do
+      raise ArgumentError, ":async must be a boolean, got: #{inspect(async?)}"
+    end
+
     if not (parameterize == nil or (is_list(parameterize) and Enum.all?(parameterize, &is_map/1))) do
       raise ArgumentError, ":parameterize must be a list of maps, got: #{inspect(parameterize)}"
     end

lib/ex_unit/lib/ex_unit/diff.ex

@@ -878,7 +878,8 @@ defmodule ExUnit.Diff do
   end
 
   defp rebuild_split_strings(%{contents: contents, delimiter: delimiter}, right) do
-    %{contents: contents ++ [{false, right}], delimiter: delimiter}
+    {new_right, diff} = extract_diff_meta(right)
+    %{contents: contents ++ [{diff, new_right}], delimiter: delimiter}
   end
 
   defp rebuild_concat_string(literal, nil, []) do
@@ -1155,6 +1156,7 @@ defmodule ExUnit.Diff do
     else
       other
       |> Map.to_list()
+      |> Enum.map(&escape_pair/1)
       |> build_map_or_struct(struct)
     end
   end

lib/ex_unit/lib/ex_unit/doc_test.ex

@@ -149,8 +149,6 @@ defmodule ExUnit.DocTest do
   suite run.
   """
 
-  @opaque_type_regex ~r/#[\w\.]+</
-
   defmodule Error do
     @moduledoc """
     Exception raised when there's an error with the syntax or semantics of a doctest.
@@ -554,7 +552,7 @@ defmodule ExUnit.DocTest do
         message = "Doctest did not compile, got: #{ex_message}"
 
         message =
-          if e.__struct__ == TokenMissingError and expr =~ @opaque_type_regex do
+          if e.__struct__ == TokenMissingError and expr =~ ~r/#[\w\.]+</ do
             message <>
               """
               \nIf you are planning to assert on the result of an iex> expression \

lib/ex_unit/lib/ex_unit/runner.ex

@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ defmodule ExUnit.Runner do
 
         # Run all sync modules directly
         for pair <- sync_modules do
-          running = spawn_modules(config, [[pair]], false, %{})
+          running = spawn_modules(config, [{nil, [pair]}], false, %{})
           running != %{} and wait_until_available(config, running)
         end
 
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ defmodule ExUnit.Runner do
     running
   end
 
-  defp spawn_modules(config, [[_ | _] = modules | groups], async?, running) do
+  defp spawn_modules(config, [{_group, [_ | _] = modules} | groups], async?, running) do
     if max_failures_reached?(config) do
       running
     else

lib/ex_unit/lib/ex_unit/server.ex

@@ -57,9 +57,10 @@ defmodule ExUnit.Server do
     state = %{
       loaded: System.monotonic_time(),
       waiting: nil,
-      async_groups: %{},
+      groups: %{},
+      async_groups: [],
       async_modules: :queue.new(),
-      sync_modules: :queue.new()
+      sync_modules: []
     }
 
     {:ok, state}
@@ -72,31 +73,31 @@ defmodule ExUnit.Server do
 
   # Called once after all async modules have been sent and reverts the state.
   def handle_call(:take_sync_modules, _from, state) do
-    %{waiting: nil, loaded: :done, async_modules: async_modules} = state
-    0 = :queue.len(async_modules)
+    %{waiting: nil, loaded: :done, async_groups: []} = state
+    true = :queue.is_empty(state.async_modules)
 
-    {:reply, :queue.to_list(state.sync_modules),
-     %{state | sync_modules: :queue.new(), loaded: System.monotonic_time()}}
+    {:reply, state.sync_modules, %{state | sync_modules: [], loaded: System.monotonic_time()}}
   end
 
   # Called by the runner when --repeat-until-failure is used.
   def handle_call({:restore_modules, async_modules, sync_modules}, _from, state) do
-    {async_modules, async_groups} =
-      Enum.map_reduce(async_modules, %{}, fn
-        {nil, [module]}, {modules, groups} ->
-          {[{:module, module} | modules], groups}
+    {async_modules, async_groups, groups} =
+      Enum.reduce(async_modules, {[], [], []}, fn
+        {nil, [module]}, {async_modules, async_groups, groups} ->
+          {[module | async_modules], async_groups, groups}
 
-        {group, group_modules}, {modules, groups} ->
-          {[{:group, group} | modules], Map.put(groups, group, group_modules)}
+        {group, group_modules}, {async_modules, async_groups, groups} ->
+          {async_modules, [group | async_groups], [{group, group_modules} | groups]}
       end)
 
     {:reply, :ok,
      %{
        state
        | loaded: :done,
+         groups: Map.new(groups),
          async_groups: async_groups,
          async_modules: :queue.from_list(async_modules),
-         sync_modules: :queue.from_list(sync_modules)
+         sync_modules: sync_modules
      }}
   end
 
@@ -108,22 +109,24 @@ defmodule ExUnit.Server do
       when is_integer(loaded) do
     state =
       if uniq? do
-        async_groups =
-          Map.new(state.async_groups, fn {group, modules} ->
-            {group, Enum.uniq(modules)}
-          end)
-
+        groups = Map.new(state.groups, fn {group, modules} -> {group, Enum.uniq(modules)} end)
+        async_groups = state.async_groups |> Enum.uniq() |> Enum.reverse()
         async_modules = :queue.to_list(state.async_modules) |> Enum.uniq() |> :queue.from_list()
-        sync_modules = :queue.to_list(state.sync_modules) |> Enum.uniq() |> :queue.from_list()
+        sync_modules = state.sync_modules |> Enum.uniq() |> Enum.reverse()
 
         %{
           state
-          | async_groups: async_groups,
+          | groups: groups,
+            async_groups: async_groups,
             async_modules: async_modules,
             sync_modules: sync_modules
         }
       else
-        state
+        %{
+          state
+          | async_groups: Enum.reverse(state.async_groups),
+            sync_modules: Enum.reverse(state.sync_modules)
+        }
       end
 
     diff = System.convert_time_unit(System.monotonic_time() - loaded, :native, :microsecond)
@@ -132,9 +135,7 @@ defmodule ExUnit.Server do
 
   def handle_call({:add, false = _async, _group, names}, _from, %{loaded: loaded} = state)
       when is_integer(loaded) do
-    state =
-      update_in(state.sync_modules, &Enum.reduce(names, &1, fn name, q -> :queue.in(name, q) end))
-
+    state = update_in(state.sync_modules, &Enum.reverse(names, &1))
     {:reply, :ok, state}
   end
 
@@ -143,7 +144,7 @@ defmodule ExUnit.Server do
     state =
       update_in(
         state.async_modules,
-        &Enum.reduce(names, &1, fn name, q -> :queue.in({:module, name}, q) end)
+        &Enum.reduce(names, &1, fn name, q -> :queue.in(name, q) end)
       )
 
     {:reply, :ok, take_modules(state)}
@@ -151,17 +152,16 @@ defmodule ExUnit.Server do
 
   def handle_call({:add, true = _async, group, names}, _from, %{loaded: loaded} = state)
       when is_integer(loaded) do
-    {async_groups, async_modules} =
-      case state.async_groups do
-        %{^group => entries} = async_groups ->
-          {%{async_groups | group => names ++ entries}, state.async_modules}
+    {groups, async_groups} =
+      case state.groups do
+        %{^group => entries} = groups ->
+          {%{groups | group => Enum.reverse(names, entries)}, state.async_groups}
 
-        %{} = async_groups ->
-          {Map.put(async_groups, group, names), :queue.in({:group, group}, state.async_modules)}
+        %{} = groups ->
+          {Map.put(groups, group, names), [group | state.async_groups]}
       end
 
-    {:reply, :ok,
-     take_modules(%{state | async_groups: async_groups, async_modules: async_modules})}
+    {:reply, :ok, take_modules(%{state | groups: groups, async_groups: async_groups})}
   end
 
   def handle_call({:add, _async?, _group, _names}, _from, state) do
@@ -173,50 +173,42 @@ defmodule ExUnit.Server do
   end
 
   defp take_modules(%{waiting: {from, count}} = state) do
-    has_async_modules? = not :queue.is_empty(state.async_modules)
-
     cond do
-      not has_async_modules? and state.loaded == :done ->
+      not :queue.is_empty(state.async_modules) ->
+        {reply, remaining_modules} = take_until(count, state.async_modules)
+        GenServer.reply(from, reply)
+        %{state | async_modules: remaining_modules, waiting: nil}
+
+      state.async_groups != [] and state.loaded == :done ->
+        {groups, remaining_groups} = Enum.split(state.async_groups, count)
+
+        {reply, groups} =
+          Enum.map_reduce(groups, state.groups, fn group, acc ->
+            {entries, acc} = Map.pop!(acc, group)
+            {{group, Enum.reverse(entries)}, acc}
+          end)
+
+        GenServer.reply(from, reply)
+        %{state | groups: groups, async_groups: remaining_groups, waiting: nil}
+
+      state.loaded == :done ->
         GenServer.reply(from, nil)
         %{state | waiting: nil}
 
-      not has_async_modules? ->
-        state
-
       true ->
-        {async_modules, remaining_modules} = take_until(count, state.async_modules)
-
-        {async_modules, remaining_groups} =
-          Enum.map_reduce(async_modules, state.async_groups, fn
-            {:module, module}, async_groups ->
-              {[module], async_groups}
-
-            {:group, group}, async_groups ->
-              {group_modules, async_groups} = Map.pop!(async_groups, group)
-              {Enum.reverse(group_modules), async_groups}
-          end)
-
-        GenServer.reply(from, async_modules)
-
-        %{
-          state
-          | async_groups: remaining_groups,
-            async_modules: remaining_modules,
-            waiting: nil
-        }
+        state
     end
   end
 
-  # :queue.split fails if the provided count is larger than the queue size;
-  # as we also want to return the values as a list later, we directly
-  # return {list, queue} instead of {queue, queue}
+  # :queue.split fails if the provided count is larger than the queue size.
+  # We also want to return the values as tuples of shape {group, [modules]}.
   defp take_until(n, queue), do: take_until(n, queue, [])
 
   defp take_until(0, queue, acc), do: {Enum.reverse(acc), queue}
 
   defp take_until(n, queue, acc) do
     case :queue.out(queue) do
-      {{:value, item}, queue} -> take_until(n - 1, queue, [item | acc])
+      {{:value, item}, queue} -> take_until(n - 1, queue, [{nil, [item]} | acc])
       {:empty, queue} -> {Enum.reverse(acc), queue}
     end
   end

lib/ex_unit/test/ex_unit/assertions_test.exs

@@ -707,7 +707,7 @@ defmodule ExUnit.AssertionsTest do
     rescue
       error in [ExUnit.AssertionError] ->
         "foo" = error.left
-        ~r{a} = error.right
+        %Regex{} = error.right
     end
   end
 
@@ -722,7 +722,7 @@ defmodule ExUnit.AssertionsTest do
     rescue
       error in [ExUnit.AssertionError] ->
         "foo" = error.left
-        ~r"o" = error.right
+        %Regex{} = error.right
     end
   end
 

lib/ex_unit/test/ex_unit/capture_io_test.exs

@@ -178,38 +178,38 @@ defmodule ExUnit.CaptureIOTest do
 
     test "with get password" do
       capture_io(fn ->
-        assert :io.get_password() == :eof
+        assert :io.get_password(Process.group_leader()) == :eof
       end)
 
       capture_io("", fn ->
-        assert :io.get_password() == :eof
+        assert :io.get_password(Process.group_leader()) == :eof
       end)
 
       capture_io("abc", fn ->
-        assert :io.get_password() == "abc"
-        assert :io.get_password() == :eof
+        assert :io.get_password(Process.group_leader()) == "abc"
+        assert :io.get_password(Process.group_leader()) == :eof
       end)
 
       capture_io("abc\n", fn ->
-        assert :io.get_password() == "abc\n"
-        assert :io.get_password() == :eof
+        assert :io.get_password(Process.group_leader()) == "abc\n"
+        assert :io.get_password(Process.group_leader()) == :eof
       end)
 
       capture_io("\n", fn ->
-        assert :io.get_password() == "\n"
-        assert :io.get_password() == :eof
+        assert :io.get_password(Process.group_leader()) == "\n"
+        assert :io.get_password(Process.group_leader()) == :eof
       end)
 
       capture_io("a\nb", fn ->
-        assert :io.get_password() == "a\n"
-        assert :io.get_password() == "b"
-        assert :io.get_password() == :eof
+        assert :io.get_password(Process.group_leader()) == "a\n"
+        assert :io.get_password(Process.group_leader()) == "b"
+        assert :io.get_password(Process.group_leader()) == :eof
       end)
 
       capture_io("あい\nう", fn ->
-        assert :io.get_password() == "あい\n"
-        assert :io.get_password() == "う"
-        assert :io.get_password() == :eof
+        assert :io.get_password(Process.group_leader()) == "あい\n"
+        assert :io.get_password(Process.group_leader()) == "う"
+        assert :io.get_password(Process.group_leader()) == :eof
       end)
     end
 

lib/ex_unit/test/ex_unit/diff_test.exs

@@ -330,6 +330,8 @@ defmodule ExUnit.DiffTest do
       "[[[[], \"Hello-,- \"] | \"world\"] | \"!\"]",
       "[[[[], \"Hello \"] | \"world\"] | \"!\"]"
     )
+
+    refute_diff(:foo = %{bar: [:a | :b]}, "", "")
   end
 
   test "proper lists" do
@@ -1133,6 +1135,12 @@ defmodule ExUnit.DiffTest do
       "-<<trap::binary-size(3)>> <> \"baz\"-",
       "+\"foobar\"+"
     )
+
+    refute_diff(
+      "hello " <> <<_::binary-size(6)>> = "hello world",
+      "\"hello \" <> -<<_::binary-size(6)>>-",
+      "\"hello +world+\""
+    )
   end
 
   test "underscore" do

lib/ex_unit/test/ex_unit/formatter_test.exs

@@ -503,6 +503,17 @@ defmodule ExUnit.FormatterTest do
            """
   end
 
+  test "formats assertions with nested improper list diffing" do
+    failure = [{:error, catch_assertion(assert :foo = %{bar: [1 | 2]}), []}]
+
+    assert format_test_all_failure(test_module(), failure, 1, :infinity, &diff_formatter/2) =~ """
+           match (=) failed
+                code:  assert :foo = %{bar: [1 | 2]}
+                left:  :foo
+                right: %{bar: [1 | 2]}
+           """
+  end
+
   defmodule BadInspect do
     defstruct key: 0
 

lib/ex_unit/test/ex_unit_test.exs

@@ -997,6 +997,24 @@ defmodule ExUnitTest do
       assert length(runs) == 6
     end
 
+    test "repeats tests up to the configured number of times with groups" do
+      defmodule TestGroupedRepeatUntilFailureReached do
+        use ExUnit.Case, async: true, group: :example
+        test __ENV__.line, do: assert(true)
+      end
+
+      configure_and_reload_on_exit(repeat_until_failure: 5)
+
+      output =
+        capture_io(fn ->
+          assert ExUnit.run() == %{total: 1, failures: 0, skipped: 0, excluded: 0}
+        end)
+
+      runs = String.split(output, "Running ExUnit", trim: true)
+      # 6 runs in total, 5 repeats
+      assert length(runs) == 6
+    end
+
     test "stops on failure" do
       {:ok, pid} = Agent.start_link(fn -> 0 end)
       Process.register(pid, :ex_unit_repeat_until_failure_count)

lib/iex/lib/iex/autocomplete.ex

@@ -363,7 +363,7 @@ defmodule IEx.Autocomplete do
       end)
 
     entries =
-      for {key, _value} <- pairs,
+      for key when key != :__struct__ <- Map.keys(pairs),
           name = Atom.to_string(key),
           if(hint == "",
             do: not String.starts_with?(name, "_"),
@@ -378,7 +378,8 @@ defmodule IEx.Autocomplete do
     case Code.Fragment.container_cursor_to_quoted(code) do
       {:ok, quoted} ->
         case Macro.path(quoted, &match?({:__cursor__, _, []}, &1)) do
-          [cursor, {:%{}, _, pairs}, {:%, _, [{:__aliases__, _, aliases}, _map]} | _] ->
+          [cursor, {:%{}, _, pairs}, {:%, _, [{:__aliases__, _, aliases = [h | _]}, _map]} | _]
+          when is_atom(h) ->
             container_context_struct(cursor, pairs, aliases, shell)
 
           [
@@ -386,8 +387,9 @@ defmodule IEx.Autocomplete do
             pairs,
             {:|, _, _},
             {:%{}, _, _},
-            {:%, _, [{:__aliases__, _, aliases}, _map]} | _
-          ] ->
+            {:%, _, [{:__aliases__, _, aliases = [h | _]}, _map]} | _
+          ]
+          when is_atom(h) ->
             container_context_struct(cursor, pairs, aliases, shell)
 
           [cursor, pairs, {:|, _, [{variable, _, nil} | _]}, {:%{}, _, _} | _] ->

lib/iex/lib/iex/helpers.ex

@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ defmodule IEx.Helpers do
     * `pid/3`           - creates a PID with the 3 integer arguments passed
     * `port/1`          - creates a port from a string
     * `port/2`          - creates a port with the 2 non-negative integers passed
+    * `process_info/1`  - returns information about the given process
     * `pwd/0`           - prints the current working directory
     * `r/1`             - recompiles the given module's source file
     * `recompile/0`     - recompiles the current project
@@ -817,6 +818,168 @@ defmodule IEx.Helpers do
 
   defp pad_key(key), do: String.pad_trailing(key, 21, " ")
 
+  @process_info_keys_and_labels [
+    {:initial_call, "Initial call"},
+    {:dictionary, "Dictionary"},
+    {:registered_name, "Registered name"},
+    {:current_function, "Current function"},
+    {:status, "Status"},
+    {:message_queue_len, "Message queue length"},
+    {:trap_exit, "Trap exit"},
+    {:priority, "Priority"},
+    {:group_leader, "Group leader"},
+    {:reductions, "Reductions"},
+    {:links, "Links"},
+    {:monitors, "Monitors"},
+    {:memory, "Memory"},
+    {:total_heap_size, "Total heap size"},
+    {:heap_size, "Heap size"},
+    {:stack_size, "Stack size"},
+    {:current_stacktrace, "Current stacktrace"}
+  ]
+  @process_info_keys Enum.map(@process_info_keys_and_labels, fn {key, _} -> key end)
+  @process_info_label_mapping Map.new(@process_info_keys_and_labels)
+
+  @doc """
+  Prints information about the given process.
+
+  Includes a generic overview and details such as the linked and monitored processes,
+  the memory usage and the current stacktrace.
+
+  ## Examples
+
+      iex> process_info(self())
+      ...
+      iex> process_info({:via, Registry, {MyApp.Registry, :name}})
+      ...
+
+  """
+  @doc since: "1.19.0"
+  def process_info(pid) do
+    with pid when is_pid(pid) <- GenServer.whereis(pid),
+         info when is_list(info) <-
+           :erpc.call(node(pid), :erlang, :process_info, [pid, @process_info_keys]) do
+      info = Map.new(info)
+
+      IO.puts(IEx.color(:eval_result, ["\n# Process ", inspect(pid)]))
+
+      print_process_overview(info)
+      print_process_links(info[:links])
+      print_process_monitors(info[:monitors])
+      print_process_memory(info)
+      print_process_stacktrace(info[:current_stacktrace])
+    else
+      _ ->
+        IO.puts(
+          IEx.color(
+            :eval_error,
+            "Failed to get process info. Either the process was not found or is not alive."
+          )
+        )
+    end
+
+    dont_display_result()
+  end
+
+  defp print_process_overview(info) do
+    print_pane("Overview")
+
+    for key <- [
+          :initial_call,
+          :current_function,
+          :registered_name,
+          :status,
+          :message_queue_len,
+          :group_leader,
+          :priority,
+          :trap_exit,
+          :reductions
+        ] do
+      print_entry(
+        @process_info_label_mapping[key],
+        inspect(info[key], printable_limit: 256, limit: 5)
+      )
+    end
+  end
+
+  defp print_process_links([]), do: :ok
+
+  defp print_process_links(ports_and_pids) do
+    print_pane("Links")
+
+    for link <- ports_and_pids do
+      print_entry(inspect(link), pid_or_port_details(link))
+    end
+  end
+
+  defp print_process_monitors([]), do: :ok
+
+  defp print_process_monitors(monitors) do
+    print_pane("Monitors")
+
+    for {_, pid_or_port} <- monitors do
+      print_entry(inspect(pid_or_port), pid_or_port_details(pid_or_port))
+    end
+  end
+
+  defp print_process_memory(info) do
+    print_pane("Memory")
+
+    for key <- [:memory, :total_heap_size, :heap_size, :stack_size] do
+      print_entry(@process_info_label_mapping[key], format_bytes(info[key]))
+    end
+  end
+
+  defp print_process_stacktrace([]), do: :ok
+
+  defp print_process_stacktrace(stacktrace) do
+    print_pane("Current stacktrace")
+
+    IO.puts(IEx.color(:eval_info, Exception.format_stacktrace(stacktrace)))
+  end
+
+  defp pid_or_port_details(pid) when is_pid(pid), do: to_process_details(pid)
+  defp pid_or_port_details(name) when is_atom(name), do: to_process_details(name)
+  defp pid_or_port_details(port) when is_port(port), do: to_port_details(port)
+  defp pid_or_port_details(reference) when is_reference(reference), do: reference
+
+  defp to_process_details(pid) when is_pid(pid) do
+    case Process.info(pid, [:initial_call, :dictionary, :registered_name]) do
+      [{:initial_call, initial_call}, {:dictionary, dictionary}, {:registered_name, name}] ->
+        initial_call = Keyword.get(dictionary, :"$initial_call", initial_call)
+
+        format_registered_name(name) ||
+          format_process_label(Keyword.get(dictionary, :"$process_label")) ||
+          format_initial_call(initial_call)
+
+      _ ->
+        "-"
+    end
+  end
+
+  defp to_process_details(name) when is_atom(name) do
+    Process.whereis(name)
+    |> to_process_details()
+  end
+
+  defp format_process_label(nil), do: nil
+  defp format_process_label(label) when is_binary(label), do: label
+  defp format_process_label(label), do: inspect(label)
+
+  defp format_registered_name([]), do: nil
+  defp format_registered_name(name), do: inspect(name)
+
+  defp format_initial_call({:supervisor, mod, arity}), do: Exception.format_mfa(mod, :init, arity)
+  defp format_initial_call({m, f, a}), do: Exception.format_mfa(m, f, a)
+  defp format_initial_call(nil), do: nil
+
+  defp to_port_details(port) when is_port(port) do
+    case Port.info(port, :name) do
+      {:name, name} -> name
+      _ -> "-"
+    end
+  end
+
   @doc """
   Clears out all messages sent to the shell's inbox and prints them out.
   """

lib/iex/lib/iex/mix_listener.ex

@@ -12,10 +12,18 @@ defmodule IEx.MixListener do
 
   @doc """
   Unloads all modules invalidated by external compilations.
+
+  Returns `:noop` if there is no module to purge or if
+  the listener is not running (it may happen when connecting
+  via --remsh to a node that was started without IEx).
   """
   @spec purge :: :ok | :noop
   def purge do
-    GenServer.call(@name, :purge, :infinity)
+    if Process.whereis(@name) do
+      GenServer.call(@name, :purge, :infinity)
+    else
+      :noop
+    end
   end
 
   @impl true