org-garden/lib/org_garden/resolvers/zotero.ex

defmodule OrgGarden.Resolvers.Zotero do
  @moduledoc """
  Resolves citation keys via Zotero Better BibTeX's JSON-RPC API.

  Requires Zotero to be running with the Better BibTeX plugin installed.
  Default endpoint: http://localhost:23119/better-bibtex/json-rpc

  Resolution strategy:
    1. Search by citation key via `item.search`
    2. If found, try to get a PDF attachment link (zotero://open-pdf/...)
    3. Fall back to zotero://select/items/@key

  Returns `{:ok, %{label: "Author, Year", url: "zotero://..."}}` or `:error`.
  """

  require Logger

  @rpc_path "/better-bibtex/json-rpc"

  @doc """
  Attempt to resolve `key` against a running Zotero instance.
  `base_url` defaults to `http://localhost:23119`.
  """
  @spec resolve(String.t(), String.t()) :: {:ok, map()} | :error
  def resolve(key, base_url \\ "http://localhost:23119") do
    url = base_url <> @rpc_path

    payload =
      Jason.encode!(%{
        jsonrpc: "2.0",
        method: "item.search",
        params: [
          [["citationKey", "is", key]]
        ],
        id: 1
      })

    case Req.post(url,
           body: payload,
           headers: [{"content-type", "application/json"}],
           receive_timeout: 5_000,
           finch: OrgGarden.Finch
         ) do
      {:ok, %{status: 200, body: body}} ->
        parse_response(body, key, base_url)

      {:ok, %{status: status}} ->
        Logger.debug("Zotero: unexpected HTTP #{status} for key #{key}")
        :error

      {:error, reason} ->
        Logger.debug("Zotero: connection failed for key #{key}: #{inspect(reason)}")
        :error

      other ->
        Logger.debug("Zotero: unexpected result for key #{key}: #{inspect(other)}")
        :error
    end
  rescue
    e ->
      Logger.debug("Zotero: exception resolving key #{key}: #{inspect(e)}")
      :error
  end

  # ------------------------------------------------------------------
  # Private helpers
  # ------------------------------------------------------------------

  defp parse_response(%{"result" => [item | _]}, key, base_url) do
    label = build_label(item)
    url = resolve_url(item, key, base_url)
    {:ok, %{label: label, url: url}}
  end

  defp parse_response(%{"result" => []}, key, _base_url) do
    Logger.debug("Zotero: no item found for key #{key}")
    :error
  end

  defp parse_response(%{"error" => err}, key, _base_url) do
    Logger.debug("Zotero: RPC error for key #{key}: #{inspect(err)}")
    :error
  end

  defp parse_response(body, key, _base_url) do
    Logger.debug("Zotero: unexpected response shape for key #{key}: #{inspect(body)}")
    :error
  end

  defp fetch_pdf_url(key, base_url) do
    payload =
      Jason.encode!(%{
        jsonrpc: "2.0",
        method: "item.attachments",
        params: [key],
        id: 2
      })

    case Req.post(base_url <> @rpc_path,
           body: payload,
           headers: [{"content-type", "application/json"}],
           receive_timeout: 5_000,
           finch: OrgGarden.Finch
         ) do
      {:ok, %{status: 200, body: %{"result" => attachments}}} when is_list(attachments) ->
        attachments
        |> Enum.find_value(fn att ->
          open = Map.get(att, "open", "")
          path = Map.get(att, "path", "")
          if String.ends_with?(path, ".pdf"), do: open, else: nil
        end)

      _ ->
        nil
    end
  rescue
    _ -> nil
  end

  # CSL-JSON format: authors are under "author" with "family"/"given" keys.
  # Year is under "issued" -> "date-parts" -> [[year, month, day]].
  defp build_label(item) do
    authors = Map.get(item, "author", [])
    year = extract_year(item)

    author_part =
      case authors do
        [] ->
          "Unknown"

        [single] ->
          Map.get(single, "family", Map.get(single, "literal", "Unknown"))

        [first | rest] ->
          first_name = Map.get(first, "family", Map.get(first, "literal", "Unknown"))
          last_name =
            rest
            |> List.last()
            |> then(&Map.get(&1, "family", Map.get(&1, "literal", "Unknown")))

          "#{first_name} & #{last_name}"
      end

    if year, do: "#{author_part}, #{year}", else: author_part
  end

  # "issued": {"date-parts": [["2021", 2, 3]]}
  defp extract_year(item) do
    case get_in(item, ["issued", "date-parts"]) do
      [[year | _] | _] -> to_string(year)
      _ -> nil
    end
  end

  defp resolve_url(item, key, base_url) do
    # Prefer zotero://open-pdf/... for items with a PDF attachment.
    # Fall back to zotero://select/library/items/KEY to open the item in Zotero.
    # The "id" field is a URI like "http://zotero.org/users/123/items/ABCD1234".
    pdf_url = fetch_pdf_url(key, base_url)

    if pdf_url do
      pdf_url
    else
      item_key =
        item
        |> Map.get("id", "")
        |> String.split("/")
        |> List.last()
        |> non_empty()

      if item_key do
        "zotero://select/library/items/#{item_key}"
      else
        "zotero://select/items/@#{key}"
      end
    end
  end

  defp non_empty(nil), do: nil
  defp non_empty(""), do: nil
  defp non_empty(v), do: v
end